1990年至2021年15至39岁青少年和青年人群中全球、区域和国家层面卒中的负担及趋势：全球疾病负担研究2021的结果
Global, regional, and national burden and trends of stroke among youths and young adults aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.
作者信息
Yu Qian, Tian Yuan, Jiang Nan, Zhao Furong, Wang Shuang, Sun Miao, Liu Zhining, Liu Xin
机构信息
Huludao Central Hospital Teaching Base of Jinzhou Medical University, Liaoning, China.
Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Oncology Metabonomics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.
出版信息
Front Neurol. 2025 Mar 7;16:1535278. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1535278. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND
Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, with rising incidence rates among youths and young adults aged 15-39 years. However, comprehensive assessments of stroke burden in this age group at global, regional, and national levels are limited. This study examines trends in stroke incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021 using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.
METHODS
Data from the GBD study (1990-2021) were analyzed to assess the age-standardized incidence, mortality, and DALYs related to stroke in individuals aged 15-39 years. The relationship between stroke burden and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) was explored across 204 countries and 21 regions. Trends were analyzed using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC).
RESULTS
This study reveals global, regional, and national trends in stroke burden among youths and young adults (15-39 years) from 1990 to 2021. In 2021, the global age-standardized stroke incidence was 757,234.61 cases, with 8.72 million DALYs and 122,742 stroke-related deaths. Although global incidence increased by 19.09%, age-standardized rates (ASRs) declined by 0.67% annually. DALYs and mortality rates also decreased globally. Notably, stroke burden increased in low and low-middle SDI regions. South Asia had the highest number of cases, while Oceania reported the highest mortality rate. These findings underscore regional disparities in stroke trends. Globally, metabolic risks (46.2%) and high systolic blood pressure (37.87%) are major contributors to stroke-related mortality.
背景
中风是全球致残和致死的主要原因，在15至39岁的青年人和年轻成年人中发病率呈上升趋势。然而，在全球、区域和国家层面上对该年龄组中风负担的全面评估有限。本研究利用全球疾病负担（GBD）研究的数据，考察了1990年至2021年中风发病率、死亡率和伤残调整生命年（DALY）的趋势。
方法
分析GBD研究（1990 - 2021年）的数据，以评估15至39岁个体中与中风相关的年龄标准化发病率、死亡率和DALY。在204个国家和21个地区探讨了中风负担与社会人口指数（SDI）之间的关系。使用估计年百分比变化（EAPC）和平均年百分比变化（AAPC）分析趋势。
结果
本研究揭示了1990年至2021年全球、区域和国家层面上青年人和年轻成年人（15至39岁）中风负担的趋势。2021年，全球年龄标准化中风发病率为757,234.61例，有872万DALY和122,742例与中风相关的死亡。尽管全球发病率增加了19.09%，但年龄标准化率（ASR）每年下降0.67%。全球的DALY和死亡率也有所下降。值得注意的是，在低SDI和低中SDI地区中风负担有所增加。南亚的病例数最多，而大洋洲的死亡率最高。这些发现凸显了中风趋势的区域差异。在全球范围内，代谢风险（46.2%）和高收缩压（37.87%）是中风相关死亡的主要因素。
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