Luan Xiaoqian, Jin Zhou, Xia Shenhang, Li Jin, An Yao, Gao Jiaqi, Wang Shengya, Xia Huwei, Pan Sipei, Zhang Yao, Song Weihong, Wu Yili
Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, The Center for Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), 999 Jinshi Road, Yongzhong Street, Longwan District, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Mar 27;25(1):292. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-06699-2.
Evidence has shown that both smoking and periodontitis were linked to cognitive impairment. This study examines whether periodontitis mediates the effects of smoking status on cognitive function in older adults.
Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014, the study included 1728 older participants who have data on smoking, serum cotinine, periodontal examination, and cognitive function. Mediation analysis was performed to test whether extent of periodontitis mediated associations between smoking status and cognitive function, adjusted for sociodemographic and basic health factors.
Compared to never-smokers, daily smokers exhibited significantly worse global cognitive function, with periodontitis mediating this effect (effect= -0.16; 95% CI= -0.29, -0.05). Similarly, periodontitis mediated the association between serum cotinine levels and cognitive function in the total sample (effect= -0.02; 95% CI= -0.03, -0.00).
Periodontitis significantly mediates the impact of smoking on cognitive function. The findings highlight the potential roles of maintaining oral health and smoking cessation in mitigating cognitive decline.
有证据表明吸烟和牙周炎均与认知障碍有关。本研究旨在探讨牙周炎是否介导吸烟状态对老年人认知功能的影响。
利用2011 - 2014年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，该研究纳入了1728名有吸烟、血清可替宁、牙周检查和认知功能数据的老年参与者。进行中介分析以检验牙周炎程度是否介导吸烟状态与认知功能之间的关联，并对社会人口统计学和基本健康因素进行了调整。
与从不吸烟者相比，每日吸烟者的整体认知功能明显更差，牙周炎介导了这种影响（效应= -0.16；95%置信区间= -0.29，-0.05）。同样，在总样本中，牙周炎介导了血清可替宁水平与认知功能之间的关联（效应= -0.02；95%置信区间= -0.03，-0.00）。
牙周炎显著介导了吸烟对认知功能的影响。这些发现凸显了保持口腔健康和戒烟在减轻认知衰退方面的潜在作用。
