Sánchez-Méndez Astrid Desireé, Narvaez-Rivera Silvia Elena, Rangel-Villalobos Héctor, Hernández-Bello Jorge, López-Quintero Andrés, Moreno-Ortíz José Miguel, Ramos-González Benito, Aguilar-Velázquez José Alonso
Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Ciencias Morfológico Forenses y Medicina Molecular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico.
Genes (Basel). 2025 Mar 19;16(3):352. doi: 10.3390/genes16030352.
Analyzing Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) is essential in forensic genetics and population studies. The Yfiler™ Plus kit, which includes 27 Y-STR markers, enhances the discrimination power for forensic and kinship applications. However, this genetic system has not been analyzed in Mexican populations, which limits its application and representativeness in international databases.
We wished to examine the genetic diversity and forensic parameters of the 27 Y-STRs included in the YFiler™ Plus kit in two populations from Western Mexico (Jalisco and Michoacán).
Male DNA samples were amplified using the Yfiler™ Plus kit, followed by a fragment analysis via capillary electrophoresis (CE). The haplotype frequencies and forensic parameters were calculated. The haplogroups of all samples were predicted, and the distribution and percentages of ancestries were determined. The Rst genetic distances, including reference populations, were calculated and graphically represented in a multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot.
A total of 224 haplotypes were identified in all of the samples, of which 98.66% corresponded to unique haplotypes. Bi- and tri-allelic patterns were observed in both populations. The observed discriminatory capacity was 98.4% for Jalisco and 98.9% for Michoacán, while the haplotype diversity values were 0.9998 and 0.9997, respectively. The most frequent haplogroup was R1b, followed by Q, representing the European and Native American ancestries, in both populations.
This study is the first to report the haplotype diversity and forensic parameters of the 27 Y-STRs included in the Yfiler™ Plus kit in Mexican populations. These findings confirm the forensic utility of these markers for human identification, biological relationship testing, and criminal investigations, reinforcing their applicability in forensic casework.
分析Y染色体短串联重复序列（Y-STRs）在法医遗传学和群体研究中至关重要。Yfiler™ Plus试剂盒包含27个Y-STR标记，增强了法医和亲属关系鉴定应用中的鉴别能力。然而，该遗传系统尚未在墨西哥人群中进行分析，这限制了其在国际数据库中的应用和代表性。
我们希望研究YFiler™ Plus试剂盒中包含的27个Y-STRs在墨西哥西部两个群体（哈利斯科州和米却肯州）中的遗传多样性和法医参数。
使用Yfiler™ Plus试剂盒对男性DNA样本进行扩增，然后通过毛细管电泳（CE）进行片段分析。计算单倍型频率和法医参数。预测所有样本的单倍群，并确定祖先的分布和百分比。计算包括参考群体在内的Rst遗传距离，并在多维标度（MDS）图中以图形方式表示。
在所有样本中共鉴定出224种单倍型，其中98.66%对应于独特单倍型。在两个群体中均观察到双等位基因和三等位基因模式。哈利斯科州的观察到的鉴别能力为98.4%，米却肯州为98.9%，而单倍型多样性值分别为0.9998和0.9997。两个群体中最常见的单倍群是R1b，其次是Q，分别代表欧洲和美洲原住民祖先。
本研究首次报告了Yfiler™ Plus试剂盒中包含的27个Y-STRs在墨西哥人群中的单倍型多样性和法医参数。这些发现证实了这些标记在人类身份鉴定、亲缘关系检测和刑事调查中的法医实用性，加强了它们在法医案件工作中的适用性。
