Halvorsen P R, Gross T L, Sokol R J
Am J Perinatol. 1985 Jul;2(3):173-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999943.
The reported effects of alcohol on lung and brain phospholipid metabolism in adult animals have been numerous, but its effect on the fetal lung has not been examined. We investigated the effect of heavy maternal ethanol intake on fetal pulmonary maturation, as measured by the amniotic fluid phospholipids, lecithin and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). Mothers were screened at their first prenatal visit, and detailed drinking histories were taken. Amniotic fluid phospholipids were determined later in pregnancy for clinical purposes, and mothers with positive scores who admitted to drinking during the third trimester were compared to a control group. Amniotic fluid from mothers whose fetuses were exposed to ethanol late in pregnancy did not show the expected increase in lecithin/sphingomyelin and PG related to gestational age that was observed in nondrinking mothers. Canonical correlation of gestational age, late pregnancy drinking, and chronic alcohol problems with amniotic fluid L/S and PG jointly revealed that both gestational age and maternal drinking were significant determinants of fetal lung maturity (r = .39, P less than .05), with active maternal drinking being about one-third as important a determinant as gestational age. These findings could be explained by the known damage-inducing effect of ethanol on alveolar cell membranes or by the effects of ethanol on phospholipid metabolism.
关于酒精对成年动物肺和脑磷脂代谢的影响已有大量报道，但它对胎儿肺的影响尚未得到研究。我们通过羊水磷脂、卵磷脂和磷脂酰甘油（PG）来检测孕妇大量摄入乙醇对胎儿肺成熟的影响。在首次产前检查时对母亲进行筛查，并记录详细的饮酒史。为临床目的，在妊娠后期测定羊水磷脂，将妊娠晚期承认饮酒且评分呈阳性的母亲与对照组进行比较。胎儿在妊娠后期接触乙醇的母亲的羊水，未显示出与未饮酒母亲中观察到的与胎龄相关的卵磷脂/鞘磷脂和PG预期增加。胎龄、妊娠晚期饮酒和慢性酒精问题与羊水L/S和PG的典型相关性共同显示，胎龄和母亲饮酒都是胎儿肺成熟的重要决定因素（r = 0.39，P < 0.05），母亲主动饮酒作为决定因素的重要性约为胎龄的三分之一。这些发现可以用乙醇对肺泡细胞膜已知的损伤诱导作用或乙醇对磷脂代谢的作用来解释。
