Crebelli R, Paoletti A, Falcone E, Aquilina G, Fabri G, Carere A
Br J Ind Med. 1985 Jul;42(7):481-7. doi: 10.1136/oem.42.7.481.
The possible contribution to urinary mutagenicity of occupational exposures in the rubber industry was studied by assaying the urine concentrates of 72 workmen (44 smokers) employed in a tyre plant. Twenty three clerks (16 smokers) engaged in the administrative department of the same factory served as presumptive unexposed controls. XAD-2 resin concentrates of urine samples were assayed in the plate incorporation test and in the microtitre fluctuation assay with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA98, and TA100. Furthermore, the in vitro mutagenicity of the major raw materials in use at the plant was determined in the plate incorporation assay with S typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100. The results obtained from the urinary mutagenicity study show that smoking habits, but not occupation, were statistically significantly related to the appearance of a urinary mutagenicity that was detectable with strain TA98. A possible synergistic effect of occupation with smoking was observed among tyre builders who were also smokers. The study of the raw materials showed that three technical grade materials were weakly active as mutagens in strain TA98 in the absence (poly-p-dinitrosobenzene) or in the presence of metabolic activation (mixed diaryl-p-phenylendiamines and tetramethyltiuram disulphide). The latter chemical was also weakly active in strain TA100.
通过检测一家轮胎厂72名工人（44名吸烟者）的尿液浓缩物，研究了橡胶行业职业暴露对尿液致突变性的可能影响。同一工厂行政部门的23名职员（16名吸烟者）作为假定的未暴露对照组。尿液样本的XAD - 2树脂浓缩物在平板掺入试验以及用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA1535、TA98和TA100菌株进行的微量滴定波动试验中进行检测。此外，在使用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌TA1535、TA1537、TA98和TA100菌株的平板掺入试验中，测定了该厂主要使用的原材料的体外致突变性。尿液致突变性研究结果表明，吸烟习惯而非职业与用TA98菌株可检测到的尿液致突变性的出现有统计学显著相关性。在也是吸烟者的轮胎制造工人中观察到职业与吸烟可能存在协同效应。原材料研究表明，三种工业级材料在无代谢激活（聚对二硝基苯）或有代谢激活（混合二芳基对苯二胺和二硫化四甲基秋兰姆）的情况下，在TA98菌株中作为诱变剂活性较弱。后一种化学物质在TA100菌株中活性也较弱。
