Milazzo Adriana, Liu Jingwen, Multani Priyanka, Steele Sandra, Hoon Elizabeth, Chaber Anne-Lise
School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.
One Health. 2025 Mar 2;20:101008. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101008. eCollection 2025 Jun.
One Health (OH) recognizes the interconnectedness of humans, animals, and their shared environment and mobilizes multiple sectors to achieve sustainable and optimal health outcomes. We synthesized current OH implementations at global, regional, national, and local community levels using the OH Joint Plan of Action (OH JPA) developed to enhance best practices in OH implementation.
We applied the OH JPA Theory of Change, supported by three pathways mapped out across six action tracks to guide our review. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase and Scopus. Eligibility of studies was based on implementation of OH undertaken across two or more sectors within the human-animal-environment interface. Selection was guided by the PRISMA-ScR.
Of the 54 studies, 77 unique programs reported OH implementations, and of these, 42 (54.5 %) involved human and animal sectors only. No studies involved the environment sector and its impact on human-environment or animal-environment. The majority (90.9 %) of programs incorporated at least one aspect of policy, legislation, advocacy and financing (Pathway 1). Capacity development, community engagement, multisectoral coordination, collaboration or communication was identified in 96.1 % of programs (Pathway 2). Data, evidence and knowledge featured in 60 % of OH initiatives (Pathway 3).
Pathway 2 was the most engaged pathway building the foundation for OH implementation and action. There is opportunity for further growth concerning community engagement, monitoring and evaluation strategies with enhanced future investment for implementation of community-centric and risk-based solutions. Furthermore, it is important to foster better understanding of environmental issues and to build capacity for the environment sector to be better represented in the implementation of OH.
“同一健康”（OH）认识到人类、动物及其共享环境之间的相互联系，并动员多个部门实现可持续和最佳的健康成果。我们利用为加强“同一健康”实施中的最佳实践而制定的《“同一健康”联合行动计划》（OH JPA），综合了全球、区域、国家和地方社区层面当前的“同一健康”实施情况。
我们应用了“同一健康”联合行动计划的变革理论，该理论由跨越六个行动轨迹的三条途径支持，以指导我们的综述。在PubMed、Embase和Scopus中进行了检索。纳入研究的标准是在人类 - 动物 - 环境界面内的两个或更多部门开展的“同一健康”实施。选择过程遵循PRISMA - ScR指南。
在54项研究中，77个独特的项目报告了“同一健康”的实施情况，其中42个（54.5%）仅涉及人类和动物部门。没有研究涉及环境部门及其对人类 - 环境或动物 - 环境的影响。大多数（90.9%）项目纳入了政策、立法、宣传和融资的至少一个方面（途径1）。96.1%的项目中确定了能力发展、社区参与、多部门协调、合作或沟通（途径2）。数据、证据和知识在60%的“同一健康”倡议中有所体现（途径3）。
途径2是参与度最高的途径，为“同一健康”的实施和行动奠定了基础。在社区参与、监测和评估策略方面有进一步增长的机会，未来需增加投资以实施以社区为中心和基于风险的解决方案。此外，重要的是要更好地理解环境问题，并建设环境部门的能力，以便在“同一健康”实施中得到更好的体现。
