Sultan Nihal A, Hamama Hamdi H, Grawish Mohammed E, El-Toukhy Radwa I, Mahmoud Salah Hasab
Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 1;15(1):11140. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-93759-y.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of four bioactive capping material extracts on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. Four capping material extracts were evaluated in this study [Harvard MTA (calcium silicate), Retro MTA (calcium zirconia complex material), Activa Bioactive Base/Liner (bioactive glass-based material) and an experimental MCP-based pulp capping material). The materials prepared according to their manufacturers' instructions in the form of discs. Each material disc was placed into one insert of a 6-well plate and covered with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium to produce extracts at 1:1 ratio. Human dental pulp stem cells represent the negative control group, cells cultured in osteogenic media represent the positive control group, while cells cultured on the tested extracts represent the test groups. Each specimen was assessed in triplicate by three independent assays. The proliferation of stem cells was evaluated via MTT assay and cell viability was determined by measuring optical density. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed via the alizarin red stain test by measuring the H-score and calcium concentration. The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison test (p ≤ 0.05). Regarding MTT assay results, osteogenic media was significantly greater than calcium zirconia complex and MCP-based material. In comparison with negative control and calcium zirconia complexes, calcium silicate significantly increased the optic density. Alizarin red staining revealed significantly low H-scores and calcium concentrations in the four tested capping materials in comparison with control group. The calcium concentration of calcium silicate material was significantly greater than the remaining tested materials.Calcium silicate-based materials seem to have the most reliable performance concerning the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. Newly introduced resin-based materials have shown acceptable results but need further investigation. The present study had a few limitations; mainly the need to perform more laboratory evaluations and in vivo studies.
本研究旨在评估四种生物活性盖髓材料提取物对人牙髓干细胞增殖和成骨分化的影响。本研究评估了四种盖髓材料提取物[哈佛矿物三氧化物凝聚体（硅酸钙）、复古矿物三氧化物凝聚体（钙锆复合材 料）、Activa 生物活性基底/衬层（生物活性玻璃基材料）和一种实验性的基于磷酸钙的牙髓盖髓材料]。材料按照制造商说明制成圆盘状。将每个材料圆盘放入一个 6 孔板的插入物中，并用杜氏改良 Eagle 培养基以 1:1 的比例覆盖以制备提取物。人牙髓干细胞代表阴性对照组，在成骨培养基中培养的细胞代表阳性对照组，而在测试提取物上培养的细胞代表测试组。每个样本通过三项独立检测进行一式三份评估。通过 MTT 检测评估干细胞的增殖，并通过测量光密度来确定细胞活力。通过茜素红染色试验测量 H 评分和钙浓度来评估成骨分化。使用单因素方差分析，随后进行 Tukey 事后多重比较检验（p≤0.05）分析增殖和成骨分化数据。关于 MTT 检测结果，成骨培养基显著高于钙锆复合材料和基于磷酸钙的材料。与阴性对照和钙锆复合材料相比，硅酸钙显著提高了光密度。茜素红染色显示，与对照组相比，四种测试盖髓材料的 H 评分和钙浓度显著较低。硅酸钙材料的钙浓度显著高于其余测试材料。基于硅酸钙的材料在人牙髓干细胞的增殖和成骨分化方面似乎具有最可靠的性能。新引入的树脂基材料已显示出可接受的结果，但需要进一步研究。本研究有一些局限性；主要是需要进行更多的实验室评估和体内研究。
