Horisawa Reiya, Umejima Keita, Azuma Seizo, Miyamae Takeaki, Hayano Ryugo, Sakai Kuniyoshi L
Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
Department of Instrumental Music, Faculty of Music, Tokyo University of the Arts, 12-8 Ueno Park, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110-8714, Japan.
Cereb Cortex. 2025 Apr 1;35(4). doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf072.
When practicing a new piece of music, what are the neural substrates influenced by short-term training such as listening to recorded sources or reading sheet music? Do those neural mechanisms reflect the effects of long-term training in music? In the present functional magnetic resonance imaging study with intermediate piano players in the middle of acquiring advanced knowledge and skills in music, we compared short-term training of listening to recorded pieces ("Listen") and reading sheet music ("Read"). Participants were "Multi-" and "Mono-instrumentalist" groups according to whether they played multiple instruments or only the piano. We used an error-detection task with music stimuli including structural errors made by swapping 2 phrases within a composition, thereby focusing on contextual comprehension of musical phrases. Overall performances were significantly better under Listen than under Read, and significantly better in Multi than in Mono. Moreover, we observed left-lateralized frontal activations under Listen for Multi, whereas bilateral temporo-frontal regions were activated under Read for both groups. Focusing on individual differences under Read, we found a positive correlation between the frontal activations and the accuracy rates for Mono. Overall, our results elucidate how the neural substrates of judgments on structures and context in music are influenced by both long-term and short-term training.
在练习一首新乐曲时，诸如听录音资料或看乐谱这类短期训练会影响哪些神经基质？这些神经机制是否反映了音乐长期训练的效果？在这项针对正在获取音乐高级知识和技能的中级钢琴演奏者的功能性磁共振成像研究中，我们比较了听录制乐曲（“听”）和看乐谱（“读”）的短期训练。参与者根据是演奏多种乐器还是仅演奏钢琴分为“多乐器演奏者”和“单乐器演奏者”组。我们使用了一个带有音乐刺激的错误检测任务，这些刺激包括通过在一首乐曲中交换两个乐句而产生的结构错误，从而专注于对音乐乐句的情境理解。总体表现上，“听”组显著优于“读”组，“多乐器演奏者”组显著优于“单乐器演奏者”组。此外，我们观察到“多乐器演奏者”在“听”时左侧额叶激活，而两组在“读”时双侧颞额区域均被激活。关注“读”时的个体差异，我们发现“单乐器演奏者”额叶激活与准确率之间存在正相关。总体而言，我们的结果阐明了音乐中结构和情境判断的神经基质是如何受到长期和短期训练影响的。
