癌症中的Wnt信号传导：从生物标志物到靶向治疗及临床转化

Tufail Muhammad, Jiang Can-Hua, Li Ning

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Mol Cancer. 2025 Apr 2;24(1):107. doi: 10.1186/s12943-025-02306-w.

The Wnt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in development and tissue homeostasis, regulating key cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, its abnormal activation is strongly associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy, making it a vital target for cancer treatment. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the role of Wnt signaling in cancer, examining its normal physiological functions, dysregulation in malignancies, and therapeutic potential. We emphasize the importance of predicting Wnt signaling sensitivity and identify key biomarkers across various cancer types. Additionally, we address the challenges and future prospects of Wnt-targeted therapies, including biomarker discovery, advancements in emerging technologies, and their application in clinical practice.

Wnt信号通路在发育和组织稳态中发挥着关键作用，调控着增殖、分化和凋亡等关键细胞过程。然而，其异常激活与肿瘤发生、转移及治疗耐药性密切相关，使其成为癌症治疗的重要靶点。本综述全面深入地探讨了Wnt信号在癌症中的作用，研究其正常生理功能、在恶性肿瘤中的失调情况以及治疗潜力。我们强调预测Wnt信号敏感性的重要性，并确定各种癌症类型中的关键生物标志物。此外，我们还讨论了Wnt靶向治疗的挑战和未来前景，包括生物标志物发现、新兴技术进展及其在临床实践中的应用。