Shiraishi Misaki, Kawasaki Hiromi, Nakaoka Sae, Yamasaki Satoko, Funaki Nanami, Masukane Iori
Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, JPN.
Cureus. 2025 Mar 3;17(3):e79980. doi: 10.7759/cureus.79980. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Background The incidence of myopia-related vision loss among Japanese children is increasing, indicating that efforts to prevent this vision loss remain insufficient. School-aged Japanese children are thought to be more prone to myopia due to physical and lifestyle changes during their growth stages. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between changes in visual acuity (VA) from fourth-grade elementary school to junior high school and students' lifestyle habits and to examine efforts to maintain visual acuity among elementary and junior high school students in Japan. Methods The participants of the analysis included 49 Japanese junior high school students. Secondary data used in the study were the results of vision tests and lifestyle questionnaires administered at the students' elementary and junior high schools. A longitudinal analysis was performed by comparing visual acuity and lifestyle conditions at two time points: fourth grade of elementary school and junior high school. Furthermore, the relationship between changes in visual acuity from elementary to junior high school and lifestyle habits in junior high school was examined. Results Poor visual acuity in junior high school was significantly associated with poor visual acuity in the fourth grade (p=0.003). Students with poor vision (PV) had a significantly higher percentage of the following characteristics compared to those without poor vision: studying for more than two hours per day on their days off (p=0.043), spending less than one hour per day on the computer on weekdays (p=0.020), perceiving insufficient sleep duration (p=0.018), and not paying attention to taking breaks while studying or watching TV (p=0.038). Conclusion This study indicated that poor vision in school-aged children may progressively worsen without improvement. The poor vision group spent more time studying on weekends and less time on the computer during the week, reported insufficient sleep time, and neglected taking breaks while studying or watching TV. As students grow, they tend to spend more time studying and changing their living environment to one that demands the overuse of their eyes, increasing strain on them. It is necessary to teach students to prevent poor vision starting at school age while their eyesight is still good.
背景 日本儿童中与近视相关的视力丧失发病率正在上升，这表明预防这种视力丧失的努力仍显不足。由于学龄期日本儿童在成长阶段的身体和生活方式变化，他们被认为更容易患近视。本研究旨在阐明小学四年级到初中期间视力（VA）变化与学生生活习惯之间的关系，并考察日本中小学生维持视力的相关举措。方法 分析的参与者包括49名日本初中生。本研究使用的二手数据是在学生的小学和初中进行的视力测试和生活方式问卷的结果。通过比较小学四年级和初中这两个时间点的视力和生活方式状况进行纵向分析。此外，还考察了小学到初中视力变化与初中生活习惯之间的关系。结果 初中视力差与四年级时视力差显著相关（p = 0.003）。与视力正常的学生相比，视力差（PV）的学生具有以下特征的比例显著更高：休息日每天学习超过两小时（p = 0.043）、工作日每天使用电脑时间少于一小时（p = 0.020）、感觉睡眠时间不足（p = 0.018）以及学习或看电视时不注意休息（p = 0.038）。结论 本研究表明，学龄儿童的视力差若不改善可能会逐渐恶化。视力差的群体在周末花更多时间学习，在一周内花更少时间使用电脑，报告睡眠时间不足，并且在学习或看电视时忽略休息。随着学生成长，他们往往花更多时间学习，并且生活环境转变为过度用眼的环境，增加了眼睛的负担。有必要在学生视力尚好的学龄期就教导他们预防视力差。
