Neyrinck Audrey M, Rodriguez Julie, Sánchez Candido Robles, Autuori Manon, Cani Patrice D, Bindels Laure B, Bindelle Jérôme, Delzenne Nathalie M
Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO) Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium.
Eur J Nutr. 2025 Apr 5;64(4):148. doi: 10.1007/s00394-025-03640-x.
Inulin-type fructans (ITF) are fermentable dietary fibres (DF) that can confer beneficial metabolic health effects through changes in the gut microbiota. Many papers suggest that complex food rich in DF could be more relevant than purified DF in terms of health effect. We compared the prebiotic effect of natural source of inulin (scorzonera) versus native inulin extracted from chicory root in a model of obesity.
Mice were fed during 6 weeks a low-fat (LF), high-fat (HF) or high-fat diet enriched with either purified inulin from chicory root (Inu) or lyophilized scorzonera (Sco), with the same amount of ITF intake (10%) versus a non-fermentable fibre (cellulose). Metabolic parameters were correlated with the gut microbiome composition (16S rRNA gene sequencing).
Both inulin sources reduced food intake without significantly modifying body weight gain or adiposity compared to HF. Purified inulin and lyophilized scorzonera differentially modulate the gut physiology and microbiota. Both inulin and scorzonera shifted global gut microbial composition from HF group, decreased members of Desulfovibrionaceae and boosted bifidobacteria level. Some effects were specific to Sco group, such as the increase of Akkermansia and the decrease of Bacteroides, that correlated to biological outcomes. Inu improved hepatic steatosis whereas scorzonera boosted intestinal immunity markers and antimicrobial peptides expression, and increased intestinal crypt depth.
Differences occur between natural edible versus isolated sources of ITF. Both sources of inulin shifted the gut microbiota, but differently affected intestinal and lipid homeostasis. This study highlights the importance of food matrix and origins of fructans for their use in the context of metabolic disorders.
菊粉型果聚糖（ITF）是可发酵膳食纤维（DF），可通过改变肠道微生物群赋予有益的代谢健康效应。许多论文表明，就健康效应而言，富含膳食纤维的复合食物可能比纯化的膳食纤维更具相关性。我们在肥胖模型中比较了天然菊粉来源（鸦葱）与从菊苣根中提取的天然菊粉的益生元效应。
给小鼠喂食6周低脂（LF）、高脂（HF）或富含菊苣根纯化菊粉（Inu）或冻干鸦葱（Sco）的高脂饮食，菊粉型果聚糖摄入量相同（10%），并与不可发酵纤维（纤维素）进行比较。代谢参数与肠道微生物群组成（16S rRNA基因测序）相关。
与高脂饮食组相比，两种菊粉来源均降低了食物摄入量，但对体重增加或肥胖没有显著影响。纯化菊粉和冻干鸦葱对肠道生理和微生物群有不同的调节作用。菊粉和鸦葱均使高脂饮食组的整体肠道微生物组成发生改变，减少了脱硫弧菌科成员并提高了双歧杆菌水平。一些效应是鸦葱组特有的，如阿克曼氏菌的增加和拟杆菌的减少，这与生物学结果相关。菊粉改善了肝脂肪变性，而鸦葱提高了肠道免疫标志物和抗菌肽的表达，并增加了肠隐窝深度。
天然可食用菊粉型果聚糖来源与分离来源之间存在差异。两种菊粉来源都改变了肠道微生物群，但对肠道和脂质稳态的影响不同。这项研究强调了食物基质和果聚糖来源在代谢紊乱背景下使用的重要性。
