Qian Jia-Jun, Guo Jing-Xuan, Wang Meng-Chao, Chen Li-Jian, Zhao Xu, Yan Xiu-Ping
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Analysis and Testing Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2025 Aug 15;692:137494. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2025.137494. Epub 2025 Mar 31.
Bacterial infections significantly impede wound healing and threaten global public health. Porphyrin covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown promise as phototherapy antibacterial materials. However, the inherent π-π stacking interactions between the monomers also lead to aggregation and quenching of photosensitizers, thereby reducing the production of singlet oxygen (O) and compromising their antibacterial efficacy. Herein, we designed and prepared a novel cationic porphyrin-based COFs nanoplatform (TAPP-VIO), utilizing photosensitive TAPP and cationic VIO as structural units. This multifunctional nanoplatform is specifically tailored for targeted phototherapy and chemotherapy against bacterial infections. Upon irradiation, TAPP unit in TAPP-VIO generates heat and O, which effectively disrupt bacterial structure and cause cell death. The incorporation of VIO unit introduces electrostatic repulsion between layers, mitigating π-π stacking effects and enhancing O production. Additionally, the positive charge imparted by the VIO unit enables TAPP-VIO to bind efficiently to negatively charged bacterial surfaces, immobilizing the bacteria and reducing their motility, thereby improving the overall efficacy of phototherapy. Under identical experimental conditions and concentrations, TAPP-VIO exhibits a O generation capacity that is 179 % higher than that of nonionic porphyrin COF. Moreover, the temperature increase induced by TAPP-VIO is 85 % of that observed with nonionic porphyrin COF (TAPP-MMA-Da), which is conducive to enhancing the phototherapeutic effects while minimizing heat-induced damage to healthy tissues. In summary, our study presents a straightforward approach to developing non-antibiotic antibacterial nanoagents, and the as-prepared TAPP-VIO is a promising candidate drug suitable for clinical trials in the future.
细菌感染严重阻碍伤口愈合并威胁全球公共卫生。卟啉共价有机框架（COFs）作为光疗抗菌材料已展现出前景。然而，单体之间固有的π-π堆积相互作用也会导致光敏剂聚集和淬灭，从而减少单线态氧（O）的产生并损害其抗菌功效。在此，我们设计并制备了一种新型的基于阳离子卟啉的COFs纳米平台（TAPP-VIO），利用光敏的TAPP和阳离子VIO作为结构单元。这种多功能纳米平台是专门为针对细菌感染的靶向光疗和化疗而量身定制的。在光照下，TAPP-VIO中的TAPP单元产生热量和O，有效破坏细菌结构并导致细胞死亡。VIO单元的引入在层间引入静电排斥，减轻π-π堆积效应并增强O的产生。此外，VIO单元赋予的正电荷使TAPP-VIO能够有效地与带负电荷的细菌表面结合，固定细菌并降低其运动性，从而提高光疗的整体效果。在相同的实验条件和浓度下，TAPP-VIO的O产生能力比非离子卟啉COF高179%。此外，TAPP-VIO引起的温度升高是非离子卟啉COF（TAPP-MMA-Da）的85%，这有利于增强光疗效果，同时将热诱导对健康组织的损伤降至最低。总之，我们的研究提出了一种开发非抗生素抗菌纳米剂的直接方法，所制备的TAPP-VIO是未来适合临床试验的有前景的候选药物。
