Levraut Michael, Landes-Chateau Cassandre, Mondot Lydiane, Cohen Mikael, Lebrun-Frenay Christine
Unité de Recherche Clinique Côte d'Azur, Équipe URRIS, Nice, France.
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, CRC-SEP, 30 Voie Romaine, 06002, Nice, France.
Neurol Ther. 2025 Jun;14(3):711-731. doi: 10.1007/s40120-025-00737-7. Epub 2025 Apr 6.
At the last European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS) meeting, Montalban and the experts' panel announced the 2024 revision of the McDonald criteria. The optic nerve has been added as a fifth dissemination in space (DIS) criteria topography among the main changes. Multiple sclerosis (MS) can be diagnosed in patients with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) if specific biomarkers are added to at least two of the five DIS criteria. Among the particular MS biomarkers, the kappa free light chain index (kFLC index) positivity will be added to oligoclonal band (OCB) detection to fulfill intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis, and the central vein sign (CVS) will be able to ensure the specificity of the lesions detected on MRI scans. This review summarises the knowledge on the kFLC index and the CVS in people with MS and RIS, allowing them to be incorporated into the proposed revision of the McDonald criteria.
在最近一次欧洲多发性硬化症治疗与研究委员会（ECTRIMS）会议上，蒙塔尔班和专家小组宣布了2024年对麦克唐纳标准的修订。主要变化之一是，视神经被新增为空间多发性（DIS）标准部位中的第五个部位。如果在五个DIS标准中的至少两个标准上添加特定生物标志物，那么患有放射学孤立综合征（RIS）的患者可被诊断为多发性硬化症（MS）。在特定的MS生物标志物中，游离κ轻链指数（kFLC指数）阳性将被添加到寡克隆带（OCB）检测中，以实现鞘内免疫球蛋白合成，并且中心静脉征（CVS）将能够确保在MRI扫描上检测到的病变的特异性。本综述总结了MS和RIS患者中关于kFLC指数和CVS的知识，以便将它们纳入麦克唐纳标准的拟议修订版中。
