Liu Ting, Chen Huan, Cairang Dongzhu, Cheng Shuru, Luo Zhihao, Zhang Ming, Casper David P
College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 Mar 21;12:1573555. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1573555. eCollection 2025.
Holstein bull calves received a one-time intraperitoneal injection of Diquat to explore its effects on growth, body frame, blood oxidation indices, fecal scores, and pathogenic bacteria in weaned calves.
A total of twelve 70-day-old Holstein bull calves with similar body weight (BW) and body condition were randomly assigned to one of four treatments. The treatments were as follows: Control: calves were injected with 0 mg/kg BW Diquat in 0.9% sterilized saline; treatments 6, 8, and 10 mg/kg BW Diquat, respectively. The experimental period lasted for 24 days. Measurements of BW, average daily gain (ADG), fecal scores, frame gains, fecal pathogen count, and blood samples for monitoring oxidative stress were collected on days 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24. Data were analyzed using a randomized complete block design, with days considered as a repeated measurement. In addition, exponential polynomial contrasts were used to assess the linear, quadratic, and cubic treatment responses.
Growth performance (BW) and ADG showed a cubic response ( < 0.02), initially decreasing and then increasing with higher Diquat dosages. Fecal scores and fecal ratios exhibited a quadratic response ( < 0.02), rising at a diminishing rate as Diquat injection dosages increased. Frame gains for body slope, body length, hip height, and abdominal girth displayed a linear decrease ( < 0.03) with increasing Diquat injection dosages. Serum aspartate aminotransferase, glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, malondialdehyde, cortisol, and noradrenaline concentrations revealed a linear increase ( < 0.01) in response to higher Diquat injection dosages, while alanine transaminase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase demonstrated a quadratic response ( < 0.02), increasing at a diminishing rate. Fecal concentrations demonstrated a cubic response ( 0.01), while and demonstrated linear increases ( < 0.01) with increasing Diquat dosages.
Diquat injection induced oxidative stress, leading to reduced growth performance, along with increased serum oxidative stress indices, fecal scores, and fecal pathogens, a response that may persist for up to 24 days. An optimal dosage of 8 mg/kg BW is proposed as a benchmark for elucidating oxidative stress to evaluate future technologies aimed at reducing, eliminating, or preventing oxidative stress.
给荷斯坦公牛犊一次性腹腔注射敌草快，以探究其对断奶犊牛生长、体格、血液氧化指标、粪便评分及病原菌的影响。
选取12头体重和体况相似的70日龄荷斯坦公牛犊，随机分为4组。处理如下：对照组：犊牛注射含0 mg/kg体重敌草快的0.9%灭菌生理盐水；处理组分别注射6、8和10 mg/kg体重的敌草快。试验期持续24天。在第0、6、12、18和24天测量体重、平均日增重（ADG）、粪便评分、体格增长、粪便病原菌计数，并采集血液样本监测氧化应激。数据采用随机完全区组设计进行分析，将天数视为重复测量。此外，采用指数多项式对比评估线性、二次和三次处理反应。
生长性能（体重）和ADG呈三次反应（P<0.02），随着敌草快剂量增加，最初下降然后上升。粪便评分和粪便比率呈二次反应（P<0.02），随着敌草快注射剂量增加，上升速率逐渐减小。体斜长、体长、臀高和腹围的体格增长随着敌草快注射剂量增加呈线性下降（P<0.03）。血清天冬氨酸转氨酶、谷胱甘肽、总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶、丙二醛、皮质醇和去甲肾上腺素浓度随着敌草快注射剂量增加呈线性增加（P<0.01），而丙氨酸转氨酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶呈二次反应（P<0.02），增加速率逐渐减小。粪便大肠杆菌浓度呈三次反应（P<0.01），而粪便葡萄球菌和粪便肠球菌随着敌草快剂量增加呈线性增加（P<0.01）。
注射敌草快会诱导氧化应激，导致生长性能下降，同时血清氧化应激指标、粪便评分和粪便病原菌增加，这种反应可能持续长达24天。建议将8 mg/kg体重的最佳剂量作为阐明氧化应激的基准，以评估未来旨在减少、消除或预防氧化应激的技术。
