Wang Ming-Feng, Yan Tao, Gao Ming-Cen, Han Cheng-Wei, Yan Zhuo-Qun, Gao Yu-Zhong, Zhang Wei, Yi Zhe
Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, People's Republic of China.
Joint Orthopedics, Xiangyang Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei 441000, People's Republic of China.
Biomed Mater. 2025 Apr 17;20(3). doi: 10.1088/1748-605X/adca7c.
Biomedical implants are extensively utilized to replace hard-tissue defects owing to their biocompatibility and remarkable tissue-affinity. The materials and functional design are selected based on the resultant osseointegration level and resistance to infection, and these considerations constitute the dominant research topic in this field. However, high rates of implantation failure and peri-implantitis have been reported. Current research on biomedical-implant design encompasses enhancement of the implant surface properties, such as the roughness, nano/micro topography, and hydrophilicity, along with the realization of advanced features including antibacterial properties and cell and immunomodulation regulation. This review considers the two achievements of contemporary implant manufacturing; namely, osseointegration and the realization of antibacterial properties. Present mainstream surface modifications and coatings are discussed, along with functional design technologies and achievements. The impacts of direct surface-treatment techniques and osteogenic functional coatings on osseointegration performance and antibacterial surface structures are elucidated, considering inorganic and organic coatings with antibacterial properties as well as antibiotic-releasing coatings. Furthermore, this review highlights recent advancements in physically driven antimicrobial strategies. Expanding upon existing research, future directions for implant studies are proposed, including the realization of comprehensive functionality that integrates osseointegration and antibacterial properties, as well as patient-specific design. Our study presents a comprehensive review and offers a novel perspective on the design of biomedical implants for enhanced versatility. An in-depth exploration of future research directions will also stimulate subsequent investigations.
生物医学植入物因其生物相容性和显著的组织亲和力而被广泛用于替代硬组织缺损。材料和功能设计是根据最终的骨整合水平和抗感染能力来选择的，这些考量构成了该领域的主要研究课题。然而，已有报道称植入失败率和种植体周围炎发生率很高。当前生物医学植入物设计的研究包括增强植入物表面特性，如粗糙度、纳米/微地形和亲水性，以及实现包括抗菌特性和细胞及免疫调节调控等先进功能。本综述考虑了当代植入物制造的两项成果，即骨整合和抗菌特性的实现。讨论了当前主流的表面改性和涂层，以及功能设计技术和成果。阐述了直接表面处理技术和成骨功能涂层对骨整合性能和抗菌表面结构的影响，同时考虑了具有抗菌特性的无机和有机涂层以及抗生素释放涂层。此外，本综述强调了物理驱动抗菌策略的最新进展。在现有研究的基础上，提出了植入物研究的未来方向，包括实现整合骨整合和抗菌特性的综合功能以及针对患者的个性化设计。我们的研究进行了全面综述，并为增强多功能性的生物医学植入物设计提供了新的视角。对未来研究方向的深入探索也将激发后续研究。
