Griškevičienė Urtė, Ivanauskas Liudas, Petrikaitė Vilma
Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, 50162, Lithuania.
Institute of Cardiology Drug Targets Histopathology Laboratory, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, 50162, Lithuania.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 9;15(1):12105. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-96329-4.
This study explores the anticancer potential of Cirsium vulgare dry extracts in human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) and gastric carcinoma (KATO III) cell lines using both traditional 2D monolayer models and advanced 3D spheroid systems. Cell viability was assessed via the MTT assay, while the influence on cell migration was evaluated using a wound-healing assay. In 3D cultures, extract activity was further examined through magnetic 3D bioprinting to monitor spheroid growth dynamics, and viability of cells in spheroids was assessed by the WST-1 assay. Among the tested extracts, those derived from C. vulgare inflorescences (U1) and roots (U6, U7, U8, U9) demonstrated higher anticancer activity. The inflorescence extract (U1) exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against both cancer cell lines, while root-derived extracts, particularly U7, showed potent suppression of HT-29 cell migration, achieving the most significant reduction in wound closure after 36 h (p < 0.05) at a concentration of 0.2 mg/mL. In spheroid models, U1 and U8 extracts reduced HT-29 cancer cell viability by 53.3-77.9% and 56.7-81.5%, respectively, and U1 emerged as the most effective inhibitor of spheroid growth, reducing diameter by 7-10%, compared to untreated controls. These findings underscore the promising anticancer activity of C. vulgare extracts, particularly U1 and U8, highlighting their potential as innovative therapeutic candidates for treating colorectal and gastric cancers. Further investigations are warranted to refine their application in oncological research.
本研究利用传统的二维单层模型和先进的三维球体系统，探索了大蓟干燥提取物对人结肠腺癌（HT - 29）和胃癌（KATO III）细胞系的抗癌潜力。通过MTT法评估细胞活力，同时使用伤口愈合试验评估其对细胞迁移的影响。在三维培养中，通过磁性三维生物打印进一步检测提取物活性以监测球体生长动态，并通过WST - 1试验评估球体中细胞的活力。在所测试的提取物中，来自大蓟花序（U1）和根（U6、U7、U8、U9）的提取物表现出更高的抗癌活性。花序提取物（U1）对两种癌细胞系均表现出最高的细胞毒性活性，而根部提取物，尤其是U7，对HT - 29细胞迁移具有显著抑制作用，在浓度为0.2 mg/mL时，36小时后伤口闭合的减少最为显著（p < 0.05）。在球体模型中，U1和U8提取物分别使HT - 29癌细胞活力降低53.3 - 77.9%和56.7 - 81.5%，并且U1是最有效的球体生长抑制剂，与未处理的对照相比，其直径减小了7 - 10%。这些发现强调了大蓟提取物，特别是U1和U8具有令人期待的抗癌活性，突出了它们作为治疗结直肠癌和胃癌的创新治疗候选物的潜力。有必要进行进一步研究以完善它们在肿瘤学研究中的应用。
