Mabena Keatlegile, Tsabedze Wandile, Mazibuko Xolisa
Department of Development Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Front Psychol. 2025 Mar 26;16:1499263. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1499263. eCollection 2025.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a worldwide public health and human rights problem that occurs in various forms which includes physical, emotional, and sexual abuse. It is commonly perpetrated by the male intimate partner. This phenomenon cuts across the global South regions, including South Africa. In South Africa, women bear the brunt of intimate-partner physical violence, there is a need to reduce femicide and highlight the preponderance of intimate-partner physical violence in South Africa.
The main objective is to explore the socio-economic determinants of IPV among women in South Africa. Data are drawn from the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey 2016. The total sample (8,514) of women aged 15-49 years was selected and interviewed for domestic violence. The sampling method used for the survey conducted was a stratified sample selected in two stages, with enumeration areas (EA) as the sampling units for the first stage. Univariate analysis was performed to show the distribution of the variables in the study followed by bivariate analysis (Pearson's chi-square statistics) showing the relationship between individual variables and the dependent variable.
Using multivariate analysis (Binary regression model) to determine the socio-economic variables revealed the significance of < 0.01- < 0.04, < 0.005- < 0.009 and < 0.005, associated with the dependent variable while controlling for the effects of other variables. The results revealed significant Odds Ratios (ORs) that highest educational attainment, ORs (1.565), wealth index, ORs (poorer = 0.883, middle = 0.924), employment status ORs (1.073), current marital status, ORs (married = 0.425, living together = 0.479, divorced/separated = 0.422), and justifying wife-beating ORs (yes = 3.030).
This shows the need for policymakers to address physical violence by placing an emphasis on formulation of programmes and policies that empower women through education, employment, and political participation.
针对妇女的亲密伴侣暴力是一个全球性的公共卫生和人权问题，它以多种形式出现，包括身体虐待、情感虐待和性虐待。这种暴力行为通常由男性亲密伴侣实施。这种现象在包括南非在内的全球南方地区普遍存在。在南非，女性首当其冲遭受亲密伴侣的身体暴力，有必要减少杀害妇女的行为，并凸显南非亲密伴侣身体暴力的普遍性。
主要目的是探究南非女性中亲密伴侣暴力的社会经济决定因素。数据取自2016年南非人口与健康调查。选取了15至49岁的女性作为总样本（8514人），并就家庭暴力问题进行了访谈。调查采用的抽样方法是分两个阶段选取的分层样本，第一阶段以枚举区（EA）作为抽样单位。先进行单变量分析以展示研究中变量的分布情况，随后进行双变量分析（皮尔逊卡方统计）以显示各个变量与因变量之间的关系。
使用多变量分析（二元回归模型）来确定社会经济变量，结果显示在控制其他变量影响的同时，与因变量相关的显著性水平为<0.01 - <0.04、<0.005 - <0.009和<0.005。结果显示了显著的优势比（OR），即最高教育程度的优势比（1.565）、财富指数的优势比（较贫困 = 0.883，中等 = 0.924）、就业状况的优势比（1.073）、当前婚姻状况的优势比（已婚 = 0.425，同居 = 0.479，离婚/分居 = 0.422）以及为殴打妻子行为辩解的优势比（是 = 3.030）。
这表明政策制定者有必要通过强调制定通过教育、就业和政治参与来增强妇女权能的方案和政策，来解决身体暴力问题。
