Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 29;19(8):e0309173. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309173. eCollection 2024.
Despite global, regional, and national efforts to address intimate partner violence (IPV), physical IPV persists as a significant challenge in Kenya. This study employs geospatial analysis to examine the spatial distribution and determinants of physical intimate partner violence among women, aiming to inform targeted interventions and policies.
The study used a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study design based on the 2022 Kenya demographic and health survey. Analyses were conducted using Stata version 17.0 and ArcMap version 10.8. Spatial autocorrelation and hotspot assessment were conducted in the geospatial analysis, while a multilevel logistic regression model was used to examine determinants of physical violence among reproductive-aged women.
The study found 28.8% (10,477) of the surveyed women reported experiencing physical intimate partner violence. The spatial analysis identified significant clusters in the southwest and central regions, with women in sub-counties like Chepaluugu, Konion, Sotik, Bumula, and Metayos among others experiencing more violence. Conversely, women in areas in the North East and South East corners such as Kisauni, Tarabaj, Waijir North, Lafey, and Mandera North and South among others showed little or no physical intimate partner violence. Multivariable logistic regression identified age, education, wealth index, partner domineering indicators, and justification of wife beating to be associated with physical intimate partner violence. Higher education and wealth were associated with lower violence odds, while partner domineering indicators and justification of wife beating increased odds.
Spatial variations in intimate partner violence risk for women in Kenya underscore the need for targeted government interventions. Focusing on hotspot regions, especially among women with the poorest wealth index, no formal education, and older age, is crucial. Implementing behavior change campaigns addressing violence justification and partner dominance is vital. Active involvement of male partners in programs aiming to eliminate intimate partner violence is essential for comprehensive impact.
尽管全球、区域和国家都在努力解决亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）问题，但在肯尼亚，身体暴力仍然是一个重大挑战。本研究采用地理空间分析方法，研究女性身体亲密伴侣暴力的空间分布和决定因素，旨在为有针对性的干预措施和政策提供信息。
本研究采用基于 2022 年肯尼亚人口和健康调查的横断面研究设计的二次分析。使用 Stata 版本 17.0 和 ArcMap 版本 10.8 进行分析。在地理空间分析中进行空间自相关和热点评估，同时使用多水平逻辑回归模型研究生殖年龄妇女身体暴力的决定因素。
研究发现，28.8%（10477 人）接受调查的妇女报告曾遭受身体亲密伴侣暴力。空间分析确定了西南部和中部地区存在显著的集群，Chepaluugu、Konion、Sotik、Bumula 和 Metayos 等县的妇女遭受更多暴力。相反，北东和东南角地区的妇女，如 Kisauni、Tarabaj、Waijir North、Lafey 和 Mandera North 和 South 等地区的妇女，很少或没有身体亲密伴侣暴力。多变量逻辑回归确定年龄、教育、财富指数、伴侣支配指标和打妻子的理由与身体亲密伴侣暴力有关。较高的教育和财富与较低的暴力几率相关，而伴侣支配指标和打妻子的理由则增加了几率。
肯尼亚妇女亲密伴侣暴力风险的空间变化突显了政府有针对性干预的必要性。关注热点地区，特别是在最贫穷的财富指数、没有正规教育和年龄较大的妇女中，至关重要。实施针对暴力合理化和伴侣支配的行为改变运动对于消除亲密伴侣暴力至关重要。积极让男性伴侣参与旨在消除亲密伴侣暴力的方案对于产生全面影响至关重要。
