Genome-Wide Identification of the Gene Family and the Influence of Natural Variations in on Salt and Cold Stress Tolerance in .

Saline-alkali stress and cold damage significantly impact the yield of . G proteins play a crucial role in plant resistance to abiotic stresses, and research on G proteins in (rapeseed) is still in its early stages. In this study, we employed bioinformatics tools to systematically investigate the basic physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, distribution, gene structure, cis-regulatory elements, and expansion patterns of the gene family in . Additionally, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the response of the gene to salt and low-temperature stresses. Natural variations were found in the promoter region of . By conducting a promoter-driven luciferase (LUC) assay, the relationship between natural variations in the promoter and salt and cold tolerance was analyzed. Furthermore, the impact of these natural variations on flowering time, root length, and yield was explored using phenotypic data from a population. Our research results aim to provide insights into the function and molecular mechanisms of in , and to offer valuable genetic resources for molecular breeding to improve salt and low-temperature tolerance in .