Zhao Yue, Zhang Xinyi, Zheng Ziling, Guo Xiujuan, Mou Dengfeng, Zhao Mi, Song Li, Huang Nuo, Meng Jingwen
Department of Nursing, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
J Nurs Manag. 2023 Jun 13;2023:9475220. doi: 10.1155/2023/9475220. eCollection 2023.
Burnout is a common psychological syndrome among nurses, especially in the first few years of working. However, limited studies have evaluated the factors related to burnout among junior nurses.
To investigate the levels of psychological flexibility, stress, and burnout among junior nurses and examine the role of demographic and workplace relationship factors, psychological flexibility, and perceived stress on burnout among junior nurses.
A convenience sample of 481 junior nurses was recruited from three tertiary hospitals in China from July 2021 to August 2022. Data were collected, including demographic data, workplace relationships, psychological flexibility (measured by experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion), perceived stress, and burnout. The Independent -test, one-way ANOVA, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation, and hierarchical regression were used to analyze the data.
Junior nurses had a high level of burnout in different dimensions. Nurses with an undergraduate education, nurses working in the first year, and a lack of support from supervisors and poor colleague (nurse-nurse and nurse-doctor) relationships had the lowest level of psychological flexibility and the highest level of perceived stress and burnout. Spearman correlation indicated that experiential avoidance, cognitive fusion, perceived stress, and burnout were positively associated with each other. The regression model showed that psychological flexibility (especially cognitive fusion) and perceived stress influenced burnout in junior nurses.
Higher psychological flexibility and lower perceived stress appear to improve burnout in junior nurses. Therefore, interventions targeting these two factors may provide a viable direction for the reduction of burnout among junior nurses. . Hospital authorities should create a harmonious working environment and provide some psychology training programs for junior nurses.
职业倦怠是护士群体中常见的心理综合征，尤其是在工作的最初几年。然而，针对低年资护士职业倦怠相关因素的研究有限。
调查低年资护士的心理灵活性、压力和职业倦怠水平，并探讨人口统计学和工作场所关系因素、心理灵活性以及感知压力在低年资护士职业倦怠中的作用。
2021年7月至2022年8月，从中国三家三级医院抽取了481名低年资护士作为便利样本。收集的数据包括人口统计学数据、工作场所关系、心理灵活性（通过经验回避和认知融合来衡量）、感知压力和职业倦怠。采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验、Spearman相关性分析和分层回归分析数据。
低年资护士在不同维度上均存在较高的职业倦怠水平。本科文化程度的护士、工作第一年护士以及缺乏上级支持和同事（护士-护士及护士-医生）关系较差的护士心理灵活性水平最低，感知压力和职业倦怠水平最高。Spearman相关性分析表明，经验回避、认知融合、感知压力和职业倦怠之间呈正相关。回归模型显示，心理灵活性（尤其是认知融合）和感知压力会影响低年资护士的职业倦怠。
较高的心理灵活性和较低的感知压力似乎能改善低年资护士的职业倦怠状况。因此，针对这两个因素的干预措施可能为降低低年资护士职业倦怠提供可行方向。医院管理部门应营造和谐的工作环境，并为低年资护士提供一些心理培训项目。
