Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
SALBIS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
J Nurs Manag. 2022 Oct;30(7):2549-2556. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13778. Epub 2022 Sep 7.
In April 2020, Spain was the country with the highest number of patients infected by COVID-19 in Europe. The pressure on health care providers has had a direct impact on nurses and their mental health.
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the causal relationship between resilience, acceptance, experiential avoidance, psychological inflexibility and burnout syndrome, all of which are measured with validated questionnaires.
This was designed as a transversal correlational study with nurses who worked during the acute phase of the pandemic in public hospitals in the Community of Madrid with patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in COVID-19 medical hospitalization units, emergency services and intensive care units. Google Forms was used to obtain an informed consent sheet, socio-demographic variables and the following questionnaires: 10 CD-Risk, Connor-Davidson Risk Resilience Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II and the Maslach Burnout Inventory.
The final sample included 375 nurses with a high number of consecutive days of direct exposure to an infected patient and a very high number of consecutive days without rest; almost 18% suffered from COVID-19. The nurses presented medium levels of resilience, medium levels of experiential avoidance and medium levels as measured for emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment and depersonalization. We also found a predictive correlation between all the dimensions of the burnout questionnaire in relation to the data obtained from the resilience questionnaire.
There is a direct and predictive relationship between the resilience that nurses had during the acute phase of the pandemic and their capacity for acceptance, experiential avoidance, psychological inflexibility and burnout syndrome.
The scores show the necessity to implement preventive measures to avoid fatal psychological consequences for nurses.
2020 年 4 月，西班牙是欧洲 COVID-19 感染患者数量最多的国家。医疗保健提供者面临的压力直接影响到护士及其心理健康。
本研究旨在证明韧性、接受、体验回避、心理灵活性和倦怠综合征之间的因果关系，所有这些都通过经过验证的问卷进行测量。
这是一项在马德里社区公立医院 COVID-19 医疗住院病房、急诊室和重症监护室工作的护士中进行的横断面相关性研究，这些护士在大流行的急性期工作，研究对象是被诊断患有 COVID-19 的患者。使用 Google 表格获得知情同意书、社会人口统计学变量以及以下问卷：10 CD-Risk、Connor-Davidson 风险韧性量表、接受与行动问卷 II 和马斯拉赫倦怠量表。
最终样本包括 375 名护士，他们连续多天直接接触感染患者，且连续多天没有休息；近 18%的人患有 COVID-19。护士表现出中等水平的韧性、中等水平的体验回避和中等水平的情绪耗竭、个人成就感和去个性化。我们还发现，倦怠问卷的所有维度与韧性问卷中获得的数据之间存在预测相关性。
护士在大流行急性期的韧性与其接受能力、体验回避、心理灵活性和倦怠综合征之间存在直接的预测关系。
这些评分表明，有必要实施预防措施，以避免对护士造成致命的心理后果。
