Wilkinson Dominic Jc, Savulescu Julian
Oxford Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford, Suite 8, Littlegate House, St Ebbes St, Oxford, OX1 1PT UK.
John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Asian Bioeth Rev. 2024 Aug 14;17(2):251-263. doi: 10.1007/s41649-024-00299-0. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Infants who are born extremely prematurely can survive if they receive intensive medical treatment. However, they also have a high chance of dying, and a proportion of survivors have long-term health problems and disabilities. In many parts of the world, if parents request it, an extremely premature infant can receive palliative care rather than active survival-focused care at birth. But there are variations between countries as to whether or when this is permitted. To help inform ethical debates across Asia and more widely, we present two contrasting views about parental discretion and the treatment of extremely preterm infants. In questions of this nature, disagreement and dissensus are inevitable. Differences in the outcomes of treatment, the resources available, and the values of society mean that we should not expect a uniform approach. We identify points of potential consensus and compromise despite disagreement.
出生时极度早产的婴儿如果接受强化医疗治疗是可以存活的。然而，他们也有很高的死亡几率，并且一部分幸存者有长期的健康问题和残疾。在世界许多地方，如果父母提出要求，一个极度早产的婴儿在出生时可以接受姑息治疗而不是以积极求生为重点的治疗。但在这种做法是否被允许以及何时被允许的问题上，各国存在差异。为了给亚洲乃至更广泛地区的伦理辩论提供参考，我们提出了两种关于父母决定权和治疗极度早产儿的截然不同的观点。在这类性质的问题上，分歧和意见不一致是不可避免的。治疗结果、可用资源和社会价值观的差异意味着我们不应期望有统一的做法。尽管存在分歧，我们还是找出了潜在的共识点和折中点。
