Tyler Richard, Atkin Andrew J, Dainty Jack R, Dumuid Dorothea, Fairclough Stuart J
Health Research Institute and Movement Behaviours, Nutrition, Health, and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK.
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.
J Act Sedentary Sleep Behav. 2022 Sep 1;1(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s44167-022-00003-3.
The study aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations between 24-h activity compositions and motor competence in children and adolescents, while stratifying by sex and school type (primary or secondary school) and estimate differences in motor competence associated with reallocations of time between activity behaviours.
Data were collected from 359 participants (aged 11.5 ± 1.4 years; 49.3% boys; 96.9% White British). Seven-day 24-h activity behaviours [sleep, sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)] were assessed using wrist-worn accelerometers. Motor competence outcomes were obtained using the Dragon Challenge (process, product, time, and overall scores). Linear mixed models examined associations between activity behaviour compositions and motor competence outcomes for all participants and stratified by school type (primary or secondary) and sex. Post-hoc analyses modelled the associations of reallocating fixed durations of time between activity behaviours with the outcomes.
In all participants, relative to other activity behaviours, MVPA had the strongest associations with motor competence outcomes. Time reallocations (5, 10, 15, 20 min) to MVPA from any of the other three behaviours were associated with higher overall, process, and time scores [effect sizes (ES) = 0.05-0.07 (5 min) and 0.19-0.27 (20 min)]. The stratified models displayed that MVPA had the strongest associations with outcomes in both sexes, irrespective of school type. The largest positive, and negative estimated differences occurred when MVPA hypothetically replaced LPA or sleep [ES = 0.04-0.10 (5 min) and 0.14-0.39 (20 min)], and when LPA or sleep hypothetically replaced MVPA [ES = - 0.03 to - 0.11 (5 min) and - 0.13 to - 0.54 (20 min)], respectively.
Relative to other activity behaviours, MVPA had the strongest association overall with motor competence outcomes. Hypothetical reallocations of time from LPA or sleep to MVPA (and vice versa) were associated with the largest positive estimated differences in motor competence outcomes. Therefore, our findings reinforce the key role of MVPA for children's and adolescents' motor competence.
本研究旨在探讨儿童和青少年24小时活动构成与运动能力之间的横断面关联，同时按性别和学校类型（小学或中学）进行分层，并估计与活动行为之间时间重新分配相关的运动能力差异。
收集了359名参与者的数据（年龄11.5±1.4岁；49.3%为男孩；96.9%为英国白人）。使用腕戴式加速度计评估七天的24小时活动行为[睡眠、久坐时间、轻度身体活动（LPA）、中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）]。使用龙挑战（过程、产品、时间和总分）获得运动能力结果。线性混合模型研究了所有参与者以及按学校类型（小学或中学）和性别分层的活动行为构成与运动能力结果之间的关联。事后分析模拟了在活动行为之间重新分配固定时长的时间与结果之间的关联。
在所有参与者中，相对于其他活动行为，MVPA与运动能力结果的关联最强。从其他三种行为中的任何一种向MVPA重新分配时间（5、10、15、20分钟）与更高的总分、过程分和时间分相关[效应大小（ES）=0.05-0.07（5分钟）和0.19-0.27（20分钟）]。分层模型显示，无论学校类型如何，MVPA在两性中与结果的关联最强。当MVPA假设替代LPA或睡眠时，出现最大的正向和负向估计差异[ES=0.0-0.10（5分钟）和0.14-0.39（20分钟）]，而当LPA或睡眠假设替代MVPA时，分别为[ES=-0.03至-0.11（5分钟）和-0.13至-0.54（20分钟）]。
相对于其他活动行为，MVPA总体上与运动能力结果的关联最强。从LPA或睡眠向MVPA（反之亦然）假设性地重新分配时间与运动能力结果中最大的正向估计差异相关。因此，我们的研究结果强化了MVPA对儿童和青少年运动能力的关键作用。
