Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, Porto University, Portugal.
Research Centre In Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal.
Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Aug;128(4):1317-1336. doi: 10.1177/00315125211013196. Epub 2021 May 2.
Little is known of how reallocations of time spent in different movement behaviors during preschool might relate to preschoolers' fundamental movement skills (FMS), a key predictor of later physical activity (PA). Thus, the aim of this study was to examine (a) whether preschoolers' school-time movement was associated with their FMS and (b) the effects on FMS of reallocating time between PA and sedentary behavior (SB). This was a cross-sectional study, using intervention data with Brazilian low-income preschoolers. We observed Brazilian preschoolers of both sexes ( = 4.5, = 0.8 years-old; 101boys) over 10 hours of school-time and objectively assessed their PA and SB with Actigraph wGT3X and their FMS with the Test of Gross Motor Development - Second Edition. We explored the associations between school-time movement behaviors and FMS and between reallocated school-time movement behaviors and FES using compositional analysis in R (version 1.40-1), robCompositions (version 0.92-7), and lmtest (version 0.9-35) packages. This isotemporal reallocation showed that, for manipulative skills, reallocating time (5, 10, and 15 minutes, respectively) from light PA to SB was associated with increasing skill (0.14, 0.28, and 0.42 FMS units), raising questions as to whether fine motor activity occurred during SB. Thus, school-time movement significantly predicted FMS, with a modest increase in SB, at the expense of light PA eliciting improved manipulative skills.
目前对于儿童在不同活动行为中时间分配的变化如何影响其基本运动技能（FMS）知之甚少，而 FMS 是日后体力活动（PA）的关键预测指标。因此，本研究旨在探讨：（a）儿童在园时间的运动情况是否与他们的 FMS 相关；（b）在 PA 和久坐行为（SB）之间重新分配时间对 FMS 的影响。这是一项使用巴西低收入学龄前儿童干预数据的横断面研究。我们观察了巴西男女混合（ = 4.5， = 0.8 岁；101 名男孩）的学龄前儿童在 10 小时以上的园时间内的活动情况，并使用 Actigraph wGT3X 客观评估其 PA 和 SB，使用第二代粗大运动发育测试（Test of Gross Motor Development - Second Edition）评估其 FMS。我们使用 R 语言（版本 1.40-1）中的 compositional analysis、robCompositions（版本 0.92-7）和 lmtest（版本 0.9-35）包探索了园时间运动行为与 FMS 之间的关联，以及重新分配的园时间运动行为与 FES 之间的关联。这种等时重新分配表明，对于操纵技能，分别从轻度 PA 中重新分配 5、10 和 15 分钟的时间到 SB 与技能提高相关（0.14、0.28 和 0.42 个 FMS 单位），这引发了关于在 SB 期间是否发生精细运动活动的问题。因此，园时间运动对 FMS 有显著预测作用，随着 SB 的适度增加，以牺牲轻度 PA 为代价，可提高操纵技能。
