Sha Tianyu, Lu Yujie, He Peihuan, Hassan Md Mehedi, Tong Yehan
School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center of Grain Bioprocessing, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China.
Foods. 2025 Mar 12;14(6):961. doi: 10.3390/foods14060961.
Grain serves as an essential cornerstone for sustaining life and social stability. However, during storage grain is often invaded by mold, which leads to mildew issues. This problem diminishes nutrient content and food quality and raises safety concerns, including toxin production, which can cause serious economic losses and catastrophic market stability and national food security conditions. Accordingly, implementing effective measures to prevent and control mold is crucial for ensuring grain storage safety. This paper analyzes the molds that affect grain during storage, discussing their varieties, environmental needs, and potential hazards. It also expounds on corresponding prevention and control measures, including physical methods, chemical approaches, innovative mold inhibitors derived from microbes and plants, and micro-nano prevention and control technology. These measures demonstrate significant mold suppression by destroying the cell structure of mold or inhibiting its physiological processes. In particular, micro-nano technology enables the effective embedding and controlled release of active ingredients. It can prolong the release duration and enhance antibacterial stability, thus achieving more effective control effects. Furthermore, it can be concluded that these strategies provide a theoretical foundation to enhance the safety and efficiency of grain storage. Additionally, they assist in more effectively addressing mold-related challenges while ensuring food security.
谷物是维持生命和社会稳定的重要基石。然而，在储存过程中，谷物常常会受到霉菌的侵袭，从而引发霉变问题。这一问题会降低谷物的营养成分和食品质量，并引发安全担忧，包括毒素产生，进而可能导致严重的经济损失以及灾难性的市场稳定和国家粮食安全状况。因此，采取有效措施预防和控制霉菌对于确保谷物储存安全至关重要。本文分析了储存过程中影响谷物的霉菌，讨论了它们的种类、环境需求和潜在危害。还阐述了相应的防治措施，包括物理方法、化学方法、源自微生物和植物的新型防霉剂以及微纳米防治技术。这些措施通过破坏霉菌的细胞结构或抑制其生理过程，展现出显著的抑霉效果。特别是微纳米技术能够实现活性成分的有效包埋和控释。它可以延长释放时间并增强抗菌稳定性，从而实现更有效的防治效果。此外，可以得出结论，这些策略为提高谷物储存的安全性和效率提供了理论基础。此外，它们有助于在确保粮食安全的同时更有效地应对与霉菌相关的挑战。
