Huang Junjie, Pang Wing Sze, Mak Fung Yu, Chan Sze Chai, Lok Veeleah, Zhang Lin, Lin Xu, Lucero-Prisno Don Eliseo, Xu Wanghong, Zheng Zhi-Jie, Elcarte Edmar, Withers Mellissa, Wong Martin C S
The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Cancer Med. 2025 Apr;14(8):e70163. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70163.
Nasal cancer is a rare and fatal disease, with an incidence rate of <1 in 100,000, and a 5-year survival rate of around 30%. The study aims to investigate the worldwide disease burden, associated risk factors, and temporal incidence patterns of nasal cancer.
Data were obtained from multiple sources, including the Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus, the Global Burden of Disease database, the World Bank, and the United Nations. The study utilized multivariable linear regression to investigate the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of nasal cancer by age for each country. Trend analysis was conducted using the joinpoint regression analysis program, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated. The accuracy of trend estimations was assessed using the 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, the incidence of nasal cancer was examined by age and geographic location.
A total of 37,674 new cases were reported in 2020 (ASR 4.2 per 1,000,000). The highest ASRs were observed in South-Eastern Asia (5.3) and Central and Eastern Europe (4.8). A number of risk factors were identified, such as higher HDI regions, higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol drinking, unhealthy dietary, and hypertension. In addition, physical inactivity was related to lower incidence. An overall decreasing trend was reported in the global population, but an increasing trend was discovered in males.
The highest burden of nasal cancer was found in South-Eastern Asia and Central and Eastern Europe, potentially due to regional genetic factors and pollution issues. Targeted interventions are need in high-risk regions. Further studies are needed to investigate factors contributing to the increasing temporal trend of nasal cancer among the male population.
鼻癌是一种罕见的致命疾病，发病率低于十万分之一，5年生存率约为30%。本研究旨在调查全球鼻癌的疾病负担、相关危险因素及时间发病率模式。
数据来自多个来源，包括全球癌症观测站、《五大洲癌症发病率增补本》、全球疾病负担数据库、世界银行和联合国。本研究利用多变量线性回归，按年龄调查每个国家危险因素与鼻癌发病率之间的关系。使用Joinpoint回归分析程序进行趋势分析，并计算平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）。使用95%置信区间（CI）评估趋势估计的准确性。此外，还按年龄和地理位置检查了鼻癌的发病率。
2020年共报告了37674例新病例（年龄标准化率为每100万人4.2例）。东南亚（5.3）和中欧及东欧（4.8）的年龄标准化率最高。确定了一些危险因素，如人类发展指数较高的地区、吸烟、饮酒、不健康饮食和高血压的患病率较高。此外，身体活动不足与较低的发病率有关。全球总体呈下降趋势，但男性呈上升趋势。
东南亚和中欧及东欧的鼻癌负担最高，可能是由于区域遗传因素和污染问题。高风险地区需要有针对性的干预措施。需要进一步研究以调查导致男性鼻癌时间趋势上升的因素。
