Gruchow H W, Sobocinski K A, Barboriak J J, Scheller J G
Am J Clin Nutr. 1985 Aug;42(2):289-95. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/42.2.289.
Data from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES I) were analyzed for differences in nutrient intakes based on the amounts of alcohol consumed by US adults, and for relationships between alcohol consumption, calorie intake, and relative body weight. Drinkers had significantly higher intakes of total calories than nondrinkers, but only because of their intakes of alcoholic calories. Among drinkers, the intakes of nonalcoholic calories decreased as alcohol intakes increased, and it was estimated that between 15 and 41% of the alcoholic calories replaced nonalcoholic calories. Despite their higher caloric intakes, drinkers were not more obese than nondrinkers, suggesting that alcoholic calories may be less efficiently utilized than nonalcoholic calories, or may interfere with utilization of nonalcoholic calories. The most salient difference in nutrient intake between drinkers and nondrinkers was the substantially lower carbohydrate intake of drinkers.
对首次全国健康与营养检查调查（HANES I）的数据进行了分析，以研究基于美国成年人饮酒量的营养素摄入量差异，以及饮酒量、卡路里摄入量和相对体重之间的关系。饮酒者的总卡路里摄入量显著高于不饮酒者，但这仅仅是因为他们摄入了酒精卡路里。在饮酒者中，随着酒精摄入量的增加，非酒精卡路里的摄入量减少，据估计，15%至41%的酒精卡路里替代了非酒精卡路里。尽管饮酒者的卡路里摄入量较高，但他们并不比不饮酒者更肥胖，这表明酒精卡路里的利用效率可能低于非酒精卡路里，或者可能会干扰非酒精卡路里的利用。饮酒者和不饮酒者在营养素摄入量上最显著的差异是饮酒者的碳水化合物摄入量大幅降低。
