Siconolfi S F, Lasater T M, McKinlay S, Boggia P, Carleton R A
Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Sep;122(3):452-7. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114126.
Most epidemiologic studies have shown an inverse relationship between resting blood pressure and usual levels of physical fitness or activity. The inference is that fitness lowers blood pressure. However, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max--a widely accepted measure of fitness) and blood pressure are both correlated with age; young people usually have lower pressures and higher VO2max (ml X kg-1 X min-1). Systolic and diastolic pressures were measured and maximal oxygen uptake was estimated in 184 men and 227 women aged 18-65 years who were randomly selected as part of a cardiovascular risk factor survey conducted in two New England cities between April 1981 and March 1982. Initially, both measures of blood pressure were strongly and inversely correlated with estimated maximal oxygen uptake. However, when the effects of age were partialed out, the strength of the correlations decreased sharply for both males and females. The proportion of the variance in systolic pressure explained by maximal oxygen uptake decreased from 9.6 to 0.8% for males and 21.2 to 2.3% for females. Similar decreases were demonstrated for diastolic pressure in males (14.4 to 2.9%) and females (20.3 to 2.3%). These data indicate that the frequently observed relationship between fitness and blood pressure is strongly influenced by age. Future research to specifically examine the effects of physical activity and of physical fitness on blood pressure is needed.
大多数流行病学研究表明，静息血压与通常的身体素质或活动水平之间呈负相关。由此推断，身体素质会降低血压。然而，最大摄氧量（VO2max，一种被广泛接受的身体素质衡量指标）和血压都与年龄相关；年轻人通常血压较低，VO2max较高（毫升×千克-1×分钟-1）。在1981年4月至1982年3月期间于新英格兰两个城市进行的一项心血管危险因素调查中，随机选取了184名年龄在18至65岁之间的男性和227名年龄在18至65岁之间的女性，测量了他们的收缩压和舒张压，并估算了最大摄氧量。最初，两种血压测量值都与估算的最大摄氧量呈强负相关。然而，当剔除年龄因素的影响后，男性和女性的相关性强度均大幅下降。最大摄氧量解释的收缩压方差比例，男性从9.6%降至0.8%，女性从21.2%降至2.3%。男性（从14.4%降至2.9%）和女性（从20.3%降至2.3%）的舒张压也出现了类似的下降。这些数据表明，经常观察到的身体素质与血压之间的关系受到年龄的强烈影响。未来需要进行专门研究，以考察身体活动和身体素质对血压的影响。
