Chen Peng, Shan Guangmei, Zhang Yao, Xia Teng
Department of Urology, Nanjing Gaochun People's Hospital (The Gaochun Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211300, China.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nanjing Gaochun People's Hospital (The Gaochun Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University), Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211300, China.
World J Urol. 2025 Apr 23;43(1):244. doi: 10.1007/s00345-025-05643-z.
BACKGROUND: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake is currently a public health concern. However, the relationship between SSB intake and the risk of kidney stones in middle-aged and young populations has not been thoroughly investigated. METHODS: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (for 2007-2016) was used. SSB intake was assessed using 24-hour dietary recall interviews and evaluated through two distinct metrics: (1) absolute intake, defined as the total energy derived from SSB, and (2) relative intake, expressed as the percentage of total daily energy intake contributed by SSB. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between SSB intake and the prevalence of kidney stones, with stratified and interaction analyses performed for covariates. All analyses accounted for sample weighting to ensure accurate representation. RESULTS: The study analyzed data from 15,779 nationally representative participants, of whom 1,224 had kidney stones. After adjusting for potential covariates, both the absolute intake of SSB (per 100 kcal/d) and the relative intake (per 1%) were positively associated with the risk of kidney stones. The odds ratios (ORs) were 1.065 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.038, 1.093) and 1.015 (95% CI: 1.009, 1.022), respectively. Compared to individuals who do not consume SSB, kidney stones risk increased with absolute SSB intake across ascending tertiles: the ORs were 1.231 (95% Cl: 0.995, 1.523), 1.335 (95% Cl: 1.075, 1.658), and 1.664 (95% Cl: 1.353, 2.048) for the lowest to highest tertiles, respectively. The ORs corresponding to the respective tertiles of relative intake were 1.224 (95% CI: 0.991, 1.511), 1.394 (95% CI: 1.128, 1.723), and 1.626 (95% CI: 1.317, 2.009). This association remained generally stable across stratified analyses. Additionally, obesity status and alcohol consumption status significantly interacted with the relative SSB intake-kidney stones relationship. CONCLUSION: In middle-aged and young adults, higher SSB intake is linked to a greater kidney stone risk, indicating that limiting consumption may aid in prevention.
背景：含糖饮料（SSB）的摄入量目前是一个公共卫生问题。然而，中年和青年人群中SSB摄入量与肾结石风险之间的关系尚未得到充分研究。 方法：使用了国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库（2007 - 2016年）。通过24小时饮食回顾访谈评估SSB摄入量，并通过两个不同指标进行评估：（1）绝对摄入量，定义为从SSB中获取的总能量；（2）相对摄入量，以SSB占每日总能量摄入量的百分比表示。使用多变量逻辑回归模型研究SSB摄入量与肾结石患病率之间的关联，并对协变量进行分层和交互分析。所有分析均考虑了样本加权以确保准确代表性。 结果：该研究分析了15779名具有全国代表性参与者的数据，其中1224人患有肾结石。在调整潜在协变量后，SSB的绝对摄入量（每100千卡/天）和相对摄入量（每1%）均与肾结石风险呈正相关。优势比（OR）分别为1.065（95%置信区间[CI]：1.038，1.093）和1.015（95%CI：1.009，1.022）。与不饮用SSB的个体相比，随着SSB绝对摄入量的增加，肾结石风险在三个三分位数中逐渐增加：最低到最高三分位数的OR分别为1.231（95%Cl：0.995，1.523）、1.335（95%Cl：1.075，1.658）和1.664（95%Cl：1.353，2.048）。相对摄入量各三分位数对应的OR分别为1.224（95%CI：0.991，1.511）、1.394（95%CI：1.128，1.723）和1.626（95%CI：1.317，2.009）。在分层分析中，这种关联总体上保持稳定。此外，肥胖状态和饮酒状态与相对SSB摄入量 - 肾结石关系存在显著交互作用。 结论：在中年和青年成年人中，较高的SSB摄入量与更大的肾结石风险相关，这表明限制摄入量可能有助于预防。
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