El-Gendy Kawther S, Mosallam Eman M, Abd El-Kader Aya S, Abdel Monem Asmaa I, Radwan Mohamed A
Pesticide Chemistry and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Mammalian and Aquatic Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Lab, Agricultural Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2025 Apr 23;51(3):86. doi: 10.1007/s10695-025-01490-2.
Pesticides can bioaccumulate in fish tissues, and there are serious concerns around the world about their effects on consumer health. The objective of this study was to highlight the effects of two commercial pesticides, ethoprophos and bispyribac-sodium, commonly used on high-consumption crops in Egypt, either individually or in mixture, on some biomarkers of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, an important commercial fish species. Low concentrations of ethoprophos (96 µg/L) and bispyribac-sodium (1.28 µg/L) were selected to evaluate the effect of these substances on neurotoxic marker (acetylcholine esterase, AChE), liver function parameters (alkaline phosphatase, ALP; alanine aminotransferase, ALT; and aspartate aminotransferase, AST), and renal function parameters (creatinine and urea), as well as genotoxic marker (micronuclei, MN; and other nuclear abnormalities) during variable periods (7, 14, 21, and 28 days). The results demonstrate that ethoprophos and bispyribac-sodium pose a risk to native freshwater fish by causing detrimental effects. Both compounds, separately and in combination, induced neurotoxicity, hepatorenal biomarkers inductions, and increases in MN frequency and other erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, the mixture displayed both synergistic and antagonistic interactions for examined parameters. This study highlights the importance of using validated biomarkers to monitor fish health, which may be utilized as early alarms of environmental risks.
农药可在鱼类组织中生物累积，世界各地都对其对消费者健康的影响深感担忧。本研究的目的是突出两种常用的商业农药乙拌磷和双草醚对尼罗罗非鱼（一种重要的商业鱼类）某些生物标志物的影响，这两种农药在埃及高消费作物上单独或混合使用。选择低浓度的乙拌磷（96微克/升）和双草醚（1.28微克/升）来评估这些物质在不同时间段（7、14、21和28天）对神经毒性标志物（乙酰胆碱酯酶，AChE）、肝功能参数（碱性磷酸酶，ALP；丙氨酸转氨酶，ALT；天冬氨酸转氨酶，AST）、肾功能参数（肌酐和尿素）以及遗传毒性标志物（微核，MN；和其他核异常）的影响。结果表明，乙拌磷和双草醚通过造成有害影响，对本地淡水鱼构成风险。这两种化合物单独和联合使用时，均会以时间依赖性方式诱导神经毒性、肝肾生物标志物变化、MN频率增加以及其他红细胞核异常。此外，混合物对所检测参数表现出协同和拮抗相互作用。本研究强调了使用经过验证的生物标志物来监测鱼类健康的重要性，这些生物标志物可作为环境风险的早期警报。
