Yener Ismail
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
Chem Biodivers. 2025 Sep;22(9):e202500034. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202500034. Epub 2025 May 15.
In this study, the phytochemical content and various biological activities of Rubus sanctus Schreber species, widely distributed in Turkiye and used in folk medicine, were determined. The ethanol extracts of the root and aerial parts of the species were prepared and their bioactive phytochemical composition was identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Furthermore, various antioxidant tests and enzyme inhibition tests were applied to reveal the bioactivity of the species. According to the LC-MS/MS results, the main components of the species were determined as epicatechin (root: 78.370 and aerial part; 45.358 mg analyte/g extract), ellagic acid (root: 41.179, aerial part: 33.679), and miquelianin (root: 23.566, aerial part; 11.560). In compliance with the GC-MS results, it was determined that the species merely contained oleanolic acid (aerial part; 4.460 mg analyte/g extract) as triterpene. The analysis of the antioxidant tests revealed that the species' root and aerial parts showed the greatest activity and a high antioxidant capacity, particularly in the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity test method (A (µg/mL): 1.48 ± 0.01 and 3.16 ± 0.02). In general, the enzyme inhibitory potential of the species was found to be quite high. Acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and α-glucosidase were found to exhibit high activity in the root part of the species (inhibition %: 74.92 ± 0.76, 76.64 ± 1.41, and 94.19 ± 1.37, respectively). Moreover, BChE, elastase, and α-glucosidase were found to exhibit high activity in the aerial parts of the species (inhibition %: 54.46 ± 0.24, 69.24 ± 0.69, and 86.70 ± 0.137, respectively). Therefore, owing to its rich chemical composition and potential for biological activity, the species might be considered a natural resource in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.
在本研究中，测定了广泛分布于土耳其并用于民间医学的圣悬钩子（Rubus sanctus Schreber）物种的植物化学成分和各种生物活性。制备了该物种根和地上部分的乙醇提取物，并通过液相色谱 - 质谱/质谱（LC-MS/MS）和气相色谱 - 质谱（GC-MS）技术鉴定了其生物活性植物化学成分。此外，进行了各种抗氧化测试和酶抑制测试以揭示该物种的生物活性。根据LC-MS/MS结果，该物种的主要成分确定为表儿茶素（根：78.370，地上部分：45.358毫克分析物/克提取物）、鞣花酸（根：41.179，地上部分：33.679）和金丝桃苷（根：23.566，地上部分：11.560）。根据GC-MS结果，确定该物种仅含有齐墩果酸（地上部分；4.460毫克分析物/克提取物）作为三萜类化合物。抗氧化测试分析表明，该物种的根和地上部分表现出最大的活性和高抗氧化能力，特别是在铜离子还原抗氧化能力测试方法中（A（微克/毫升）：1.48±0.01和3.16±0.02）。总体而言，该物种的酶抑制潜力相当高。发现乙酰胆碱酯酶、丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）和α-葡萄糖苷酶在该物种的根部分表现出高活性（抑制率分别为：74.92±0.76、76.64±1.41和94.19±1.37）。此外，发现BChE、弹性蛋白酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶在该物种的地上部分表现出高活性（抑制率分别为：54.46±0.24、69.24±0.69和86.70±0.137）。因此，由于其丰富的化学成分和生物活性潜力，该物种可被视为制药和功能性食品工业中的一种自然资源。
