Adugna Adane, Amare Gashaw Azanaw, Jemal Mohammed
Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Ethiopia.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Debre Markos University, Ethiopia.
Cancer Inform. 2025 Apr 16;24:11769351251333847. doi: 10.1177/11769351251333847. eCollection 2025.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes liver cancer, which is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Chronic inflammation via HBV in the host hepatocytes causes hepatocyte remodeling (hepatocyte transformation and immortalization) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recognizing cancer stages accurately to optimize early screening and diagnosis is a primary concern in the outlook of HBV-induced hepatocyte remodeling and liver cancer. Genomic signatures play important roles in addressing this issue. Recently, machine learning (ML) models and bioinformatics analysis have become very important in discovering novel genomic signatures for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HBV-induced hepatic cell remodeling and HCC. We discuss the recent literature on the ML approach and bioinformatics analysis revealed novel genomic signatures for diagnosing and forecasting HBV-associated hepatocyte remodeling and HCC. Various genomic signatures, including various microRNAs and their associated genes, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), have been discovered to be involved in the upregulation and downregulation of HBV-HCC. Moreover, these genetic biomarkers also affect different biological processes, such as proliferation, migration, circulation, assault, dissemination, antiapoptosis, mitogenesis, transformation, and angiogenesis in HBV-infected hepatocytes.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）可引发肝癌，肝癌是全球癌症相关死亡的第三大常见原因。宿主肝细胞中由HBV引起的慢性炎症会导致肝细胞重塑（肝细胞转化和永生化）以及肝细胞癌（HCC）。准确识别癌症阶段以优化早期筛查和诊断是HBV诱导的肝细胞重塑和肝癌研究中的首要关注点。基因组特征在解决这一问题中发挥着重要作用。近年来，机器学习（ML）模型和生物信息学分析在发现用于HBV诱导的肝细胞重塑和HCC早期诊断、治疗及预后的新型基因组特征方面变得非常重要。我们讨论了近期有关ML方法和生物信息学分析的文献，这些研究揭示了用于诊断和预测HBV相关肝细胞重塑和HCC的新型基因组特征。已发现多种基因组特征，包括各种微小RNA及其相关基因、长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和小核仁RNA（snoRNA），参与了HBV-HCC的上调和下调过程。此外，这些遗传生物标志物还影响不同的生物学过程，如HBV感染肝细胞中的增殖、迁移、循环、侵袭、播散、抗凋亡、有丝分裂、转化和血管生成。
