Gutiérrez-Nájera Jessica, Mendoza-Núñez Víctor Manuel
Gerontology Research Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
Gerontology Research Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
In Vivo. 2025 May-Jun;39(3):1220-1236. doi: 10.21873/invivo.13927.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Probiotics are living microorganisms that confer health benefits when administered in adequate amounts. Several studies have shown the positive effects on body fat, muscle mass, and body mass index (BMI) in young adults and athletes; however, the results in adults aged ≥45 years are not conclusive.
A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, analyzing studies up to December 10, 2024, from nine databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO, Springer, Redalyc, Cochrane Library and TESIUNAM). Mean differences (MD) were estimated using RevMan V 5.4.1. software.
Six hundred and sixty-six studies were identified, of which 15 met the eligibility criteria. A statistically significant decrease in fat mass (%) was found in two studies and in fat mass (kg) in another two studies. Likewise, one study reported a statistically significant increase in skeletal muscle mass.
Probiotic supplementation may have a beneficial effect on reducing body fat mass and increasing or preventing skeletal muscle mass loss in adults ≥45 years old; however, further clinical trials are needed to determine the optimal types, doses, and duration of probiotic treatment for best results.
背景/目的：益生菌是一类活的微生物，适量摄入时可带来健康益处。多项研究表明，益生菌对年轻人和运动员的体脂、肌肉量和体重指数（BMI）有积极影响；然而，对于45岁及以上成年人的研究结果尚无定论。
按照PRISMA指南进行系统综述，分析截至2024年12月10日来自九个数据库（PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、LILACS、SciELO、Springer、Redalyc、Cochrane图书馆和TESIUNAM）的研究。使用RevMan V 5.4.1软件估计平均差异（MD）。
共识别出666项研究，其中15项符合纳入标准。两项研究发现脂肪量（%）有统计学显著下降，另外两项研究发现脂肪量（kg）有统计学显著下降。同样，一项研究报告骨骼肌量有统计学显著增加。
补充益生菌可能对45岁及以上成年人减少体脂量以及增加或预防骨骼肌量流失有有益作用；然而，需要进一步的临床试验来确定益生菌治疗的最佳类型、剂量和疗程，以获得最佳效果。
