Tătaru Iulian, Gardikiotis Ioannis, Dragostin Oana-Maria, Confederat Luminita, Gîrd Cerasela, Zamfir Alexandra-Simona, Morariu Ionela Daniela, Chiţescu Carmen Lidia, Dinu Iacob Ancuța, Popescu Liliana Costea, Zamfir Carmen Lăcrămioara
Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
CEMEX-Advanced Center for Research and Development in Experimental Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700454 Iasi, Romania.
Biomedicines. 2025 Apr 9;13(4):922. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13040922.
: Diabetes mellitus induces profound metabolic and endocrine alterations, impacting reproductive function through oxidative stress and hormonal imbalances. This study investigated the effects of alloxan-induced diabetes on hormonal status and oxidative stress in female Wistar rats. : A synthetic sulfonamide derivative (compound S) was obtained via chemical synthesis and characterized by elemental and spectral analysis. extract was phytochemically profiled using UHPLC-HRMS and assessed for antioxidant potential using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The synthetic compound and the plant extract, along with metformin were evaluated in vivo for their potential antihyperglycemic, hormone-regulating, and antioxidant properties., Serum levels of progesterone, estradiol, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were evaluated alongside oxidative stress biomarkers transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3). : Diabetic rats (untreated) exhibited a significant decrease in estradiol (22.00 ± 4.1 pg/mL vs. 54.74 ± 17.5 pg/mL in controls, < 0.001) and an increase in progesterone levels (17.38 ± 9.6 ng/mL vs. 3.59 ± 0.90 ng/mL in controls, < 0.05), suggestive for ovarian dysfunction. TGF-β1 levels were elevated in diabetic rats (27.73 ± 19.4 ng/mL vs. 21.55 ± 13.15 ng/mL in controls, < 0.05), while increased serum GPX3 (61.50 ± 11.3 ng/mL vs. 38.20 ± 12.84 ng/mL in controls, < 0.05) indicates enhanced oxidative stress. Statistical analysis revealed a correlation between serum GPX3 levels, FSH ( = -0.039), and estradiol ( = -0.025) in the diabetic group (L2). : These findings contribute new evidence regarding the effects of diabetes on reproductive hormones and oxidative stress in female models.
糖尿病会引发深刻的代谢和内分泌改变，通过氧化应激和激素失衡影响生殖功能。本研究调查了四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病对雌性Wistar大鼠激素状态和氧化应激的影响。通过化学合成获得了一种合成磺酰胺衍生物（化合物S），并通过元素分析和光谱分析对其进行了表征。使用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱对植物提取物进行了植物化学分析，并使用二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）、2,2'-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸（ABTS）和铁离子还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）测定法评估了其抗氧化潜力。在体内评估了合成化合物、植物提取物以及二甲双胍的潜在降血糖、激素调节和抗氧化特性。同时评估了孕酮、雌二醇和促卵泡生成素（FSH）的血清水平以及氧化应激生物标志物转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶3（GPX3）。糖尿病大鼠（未治疗）的雌二醇水平显著降低（22.00±4.1 pg/mL，而对照组为54.74±17.5 pg/mL，P<0.001），孕酮水平升高（17.38±9.6 ng/mL，而对照组为3.59±0.90 ng/mL，P<0.05），提示卵巢功能障碍。糖尿病大鼠的TGF-β1水平升高（27.73±19.4 ng/mL，而对照组为21.55±13.15 ng/mL，P<0.05），而血清GPX3升高（61.50±11.3 ng/mL，而对照组为38.20±12.84 ng/mL，P<0.05）表明氧化应激增强。统计分析显示糖尿病组（L2）血清GPX3水平与FSH（r=-0.039）和雌二醇（r=-0.025）之间存在相关性。这些发现为糖尿病对雌性模型生殖激素和氧化应激的影响提供了新的证据。
