Al-Gadi Iman S, Albalawi Amirah D, Al Khalifah Reem A
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
The University Diabetes Centre, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
Pediatr Diabetes. 2024 Jul 25;2024:1286029. doi: 10.1155/2024/1286029. eCollection 2024.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) screening facilitates access to early intervention and prevention of severe complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis. Despite its significance, many countries lack a systematic T1DM screening program. Understanding how the public perceives T1DM screening for children is essential for successfully implementing such programs but is currently an area with limited research. Our study aims to fill this gap by developing a standardized tool designed to assess the acceptability of T1DM screening programs for children, focusing on caregiver perspectives within the general population.
We developed the Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Screening Acceptability (DMSA) scale based on the theoretical framework of acceptability and integrated components from the Pediatric Testing Attitudes Scale-Diabetes (P-TAS-D). It covers a broad spectrum of acceptability constructs. The DMSA scale underwent iterative modifications following expert feedback to refine clarity and content validity. We tested the scale in both Arabic and English with adults living in Saudi Arabia, regardless of their parental status, focusing on the potential of screening their children. The psychometric strengths of the scale were evaluated through reliability analyses and exploratory factor analysis.
Of the 599 participants, the majority were female (89.2%), with a mean age of 35.9 ± 8.6 years. The final DMSA scale consists of 10 items, with two distinct factors: "individual acceptability" and "psychosocial acceptability." The mean total score was 42.9 ± 5.1 across a potential range of 10-50 points. The English and Arabic versions of the scale demonstrated strong reliability, with Cronbach's alpha values of 0.84 and 0.79, respectively.
The DMSA scale emerges as a valid and reliable tool for gauging the acceptability of the general population of screening children for T1DM. It integrates key elements of the acceptability construct, pivotal for guiding the implementation of culturally sensitive T1DM screening initiatives. Future research should expand its application across various cultural settings and examine the correlation between scale scores and actual screening behaviors.
1型糖尿病（T1DM）筛查有助于尽早进行干预并预防严重并发症，如糖尿病酮症酸中毒。尽管其意义重大，但许多国家缺乏系统的T1DM筛查计划。了解公众对儿童T1DM筛查的看法对于成功实施此类计划至关重要，但目前这一领域的研究有限。我们的研究旨在通过开发一种标准化工具来填补这一空白，该工具旨在评估儿童T1DM筛查计划的可接受性，重点关注普通人群中照顾者的观点。
我们基于可接受性的理论框架并整合了儿童糖尿病检测态度量表（P-TAS-D）的组成部分，开发了1型糖尿病筛查可接受性（DMSA）量表。它涵盖了广泛的可接受性结构。DMSA量表根据专家反馈进行了反复修改，以提高清晰度和内容效度。我们在沙特阿拉伯对成年居民（无论其父母身份如何）进行了阿拉伯语和英语版本的测试，重点关注筛查其子女的可能性。通过可靠性分析和探索性因素分析对该量表的心理测量优势进行了评估。
在599名参与者中，大多数为女性（89.2%），平均年龄为35.9±8.6岁。最终的DMSA量表由10个项目组成，有两个不同的因素：“个人可接受性”和“社会心理可接受性”。在10至50分的潜在范围内，平均总分是42.9±5.1分。该量表的英语和阿拉伯语版本显示出很强的可靠性，Cronbach's alpha值分别为0.84和0.79。
DMSA量表是一种有效且可靠的工具，可用于衡量普通人群对儿童T1DM筛查的可接受性。它整合了可接受性结构的关键要素，对于指导实施具有文化敏感性的T1DM筛查举措至关重要。未来的研究应扩大其在各种文化背景中的应用，并研究量表得分与实际筛查行为之间的相关性。
