Baklund Lise, Røssberg Jan Ivar, Melbye Sigurd Arne, Pesonen Henri, Møller Paul
Department of Mental Health Research and Development, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken, Drammen, Norway.
Oslo University Hospital Division of Mental Health and Addiction University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Apr 8;16:1514351. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1514351. eCollection 2025.
Basic self-disturbance (BSD), the overarching concept of various experiences of self-alienation, referred to as anomalous self-experiences (ASEs), is considered a relatively stable clinical marker for the potential development of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, research on BSD in children and adolescents in the pre-psychotic phase is limited. Research on individuals at risk for psychosis shows that psychosocial factors are critical in psychosis development, but studies of these factors and the relationship between psychosocial factors and the severity of ASEs are lacking. The present study aims to investigate the extent to which mood, social relationships, and psychosocial factors contribute to the development of BSD in adolescents at risk for psychosis.
We used the experience sampling method to collect real-time data from 27 help-seeking 12- to 19-year-old adolescents. We analyzed data from daily registrations on a smartphone app, measuring the intensity of BSD, mood, and social settings over various time periods (hourly, daily, and weekly over 6 months) by linear mixed regression modeling.
Negative emotions were positively associated with the mean ASE scores (β = 0.30, 95% CI = (0.26, 0.34), whereas for the positive emotions, the contrast of the association was significantly negative [β = -0.57, 95% CI = (-0.63, -0.51)]. The effect of being alone at the time of the response on the intensity of ASEs compared to being with others was significantly positive [β = 0.27, 95% CI = (0.08, - 0.46)]. However, this effect was observed only when not being at home, as indicated by the effect of being at home [β = -0.04, 95% CI = (-0.09, 0.11)] compared to not being at home and the interaction between the two social context variables [β = -0.20, 95% CI = (-0.44, -0.04)].
Mood and social settings appear to be influencing factors in the expression and intensity of ASEs. These factors should be addressed in the clinical approach to BSD, and further studies investigating the influence of various psychosocial factors on BSD experiences should be conducted.
基本自我干扰（BSD）是各种自我异化体验的总体概念，被称为异常自我体验（ASEs），被认为是精神分裂症谱系障碍潜在发展的一个相对稳定的临床标志物。然而，关于精神病前期儿童和青少年的BSD研究有限。对有精神病风险个体的研究表明，社会心理因素在精神病发展中至关重要，但缺乏对这些因素以及社会心理因素与ASEs严重程度之间关系的研究。本研究旨在调查情绪、社会关系和社会心理因素在多大程度上促成有精神病风险的青少年BSD的发展。
我们采用经验取样法，从27名寻求帮助的12至19岁青少年中收集实时数据。我们通过线性混合回归模型分析了智能手机应用程序上每日记录的数据，测量了不同时间段（6个月内每小时、每日和每周）的BSD强度、情绪和社会环境。
消极情绪与ASEs平均得分呈正相关（β = 0.30，95%可信区间 = (0.26, 0.34)），而对于积极情绪，这种关联的对比显著为负[β = -0.57，95%可信区间 = (-0.63, -0.51)]。与他人在一起时相比，回应时独处对ASEs强度的影响显著为正[β = 0.27，95%可信区间 = (0.08, - 0.46)]。然而，只有不在家时才观察到这种影响，这由在家与不在家的影响[β = -0.04，95%可信区间 = (-0.09, 0.11)]以及两个社会环境变量之间的相互作用[β = -0.20，95%可信区间 = (-0.44, -0.04)]表明。
情绪和社会环境似乎是ASEs表达和强度的影响因素。在BSD的临床治疗中应考虑这些因素，并且应该进行进一步研究以调查各种社会心理因素对BSD体验的影响。
