Pickering D, Morgan S B
J Autism Dev Disord. 1985 Sep;15(3):303-14. doi: 10.1007/BF01531500.
This study examined (a) how parents of autistic children, parents of other handicapped children, and parents of nonhandicapped children rate, as a whole, acceptability of time-out, differential reinforcement, overcorrection, and shock as treatments for self-injurious behavior, and (b) whether these parents show differences, as groups, in ratings of these treatments. On the Treatment Evaluation Inventory, all groups consistently rated differential reinforcement, time-out, and overcorrection as acceptable and shock as unacceptable. Differential reinforcement was consistently rated as the most acceptable, but the groups differed in ratings of acceptability of other treatments. On the Semantic Differential, ratings of differential reinforcement, overcorrection, and time-out did not differ. However, shock was consistently rated as the most potent and active of treatments as well as the most unacceptable. The implications of these findings for treatment of autistic and other handicapped children are discussed.
（a）自闭症儿童的父母、其他残疾儿童的父母以及非残疾儿童的父母总体上如何评价暂停、差别强化、过度矫正和电击作为自伤行为治疗方法的可接受性；（b）这些父母在对这些治疗方法的评价上是否存在群体差异。在《治疗评估量表》上，所有群体一致认为差别强化、暂停和过度矫正可接受，而电击不可接受。差别强化一直被评为最可接受的，但各群体在其他治疗方法的可接受性评价上存在差异。在语义差异量表上，差别强化、过度矫正和暂停的评分没有差异。然而，电击一直被评为治疗效果最强、最有效，但也是最不可接受的。本文讨论了这些研究结果对自闭症和其他残疾儿童治疗的意义。
