对22个国家中人们对上帝、神灵或精神力量信仰的人口统计学差异的跨国分析。
A cross-national analysis of demographic variation in belief in God, gods, or spiritual forces in 22 countries.
作者信息
Aglozo Eric Y, Johnson Kathryn A, Case Brendan, Padgett R Noah, Johnson Byron R, VanderWeele Tyler J
机构信息
Psychology Department, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 30;15(1):13302. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79103-w.
Although prior research documents the importance of belief in God (e.g., for health and well-being), most of the research has focused on Western samples. Much less is known about how belief in one God, multiple gods, or spiritual forces ("Belief in God") differs across cultures and demographic groups within those cultures. Using a diverse and international dataset of over 200,000 individuals from 22 countries, we examined the proportions of Belief in God across key demographics, focusing on country, age, gender, marital status, employment status, religious service attendance, education, and immigration status. Being mindful of interpretative challenges due to varying cultural contexts and the nature of the response items used, we offer insight into country-specific variations in Belief in God and lay a foundation for future investigations into sociocultural influences that might shape-or be shaped by-belief (or non-belief) in God, gods, and spiritual forces.
尽管先前的研究证明了对上帝的信仰的重要性（例如，对健康和幸福而言），但大多数研究都集中在西方样本上。对于对一神、多神或精神力量的信仰（“对上帝的信仰”）在不同文化以及这些文化中的不同人口群体之间如何存在差异，我们所知甚少。我们使用了来自22个国家的20多万个人的多样化国际数据集，研究了关键人口统计数据中对上帝的信仰比例，重点关注国家、年龄、性别、婚姻状况、就业状况、宗教仪式参与情况、教育程度和移民身份。由于文化背景不同以及所使用的回答项目的性质，我们意识到解释方面的挑战，在此基础上，我们深入探讨了不同国家对上帝的信仰差异，并为未来研究可能塑造——或被上帝、诸神和精神力量的信仰（或不信）所塑造的社会文化影响奠定了基础。
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