Li Xiwen, Lu Xian, Liu Mi, Chen Junjie, Lu Xirong
Kunshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Kunshan, China.
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 Apr 16;13:1561856. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1561856. eCollection 2025.
Gastric cancer is a common malignancy characterized by an insidious onset and high mortality rate. Exosomes, a special type of extracellular vesicle, contain various bioactive molecules and have been found to play crucial roles in maintaining normal physiological functions and homeostasis in the body. Recent research has shown that the contents of exosome play a significant role in the progression and metastasis of gastric cancer through communication and regulatory functions. These mechanisms involve promoting gastric cancer cell proliferation and drug resistance. Additionally, other cells in the gastric cancer microenvironment can regulate the progression of gastric cancer through exosomes. These include exosomes derived from fibroblasts and immune cells, which modulate gastric cancer cells. Therefore, in this review, we provide a brief overview of recent advances in the contents and occurrence mechanisms of exosome. This review specifically focused on the regulatory mechanisms of exosomes derived from gastric cancer and other cellular subtypes in the tumor microenvironment. Subsequently, we summarize the latest research progress on the use of exosomes in liquid biopsy, discussing the potential of gastric cancer exosomes in clinical applications.
胃癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，其发病隐匿，死亡率高。外泌体是一种特殊类型的细胞外囊泡，含有多种生物活性分子，已被发现对维持机体正常生理功能和体内平衡起着关键作用。最近的研究表明，外泌体的内容物通过通讯和调节功能在胃癌的进展和转移中发挥重要作用。这些机制包括促进胃癌细胞增殖和耐药性。此外，胃癌微环境中的其他细胞可通过外泌体调节胃癌的进展。这些外泌体包括来源于成纤维细胞和免疫细胞的外泌体，它们可调节胃癌细胞。因此，在本综述中，我们简要概述了外泌体内容物及发生机制的最新进展。本综述特别关注肿瘤微环境中源自胃癌和其他细胞亚型的外泌体的调节机制。随后，我们总结了外泌体在液体活检应用中的最新研究进展，讨论了胃癌外泌体在临床应用中的潜力。
