Chitca Dumitru-Dragos, Popescu Valentin, Dumitrescu Anca, Botezatu Cristian, Mastalier Bogdan
General Surgery Clinic, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania.
General Surgery Clinic, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Apr 11;15(8):974. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15080974.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major global health burden, necessitating continuous advancements in diagnostic methodologies. Traditional screening techniques, including barium enema and fecal occult blood tests, have been progressively replaced by more precise modalities, such as colonoscopy, liquid biopsy, and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted imaging. : This review explores the evolution of CRC diagnostic tools, from conventional imaging methods to cutting-edge AI-driven approaches, emphasizing their clinical utility, cost-effectiveness, and integration into multidisciplinary healthcare settings. : A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases, selecting studies that evaluate various CRC diagnostic tools, including endoscopic advancements, liquid biopsy applications, and AI-assisted imaging techniques. Key inclusion criteria include studies on diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, clinical outcomes, and economic feasibility. : AI-assisted colonoscopy has demonstrated superior adenoma detection rates (ADR), reduced interobserver variability, and enhanced real-time lesion classification, offering a cost-effective alternative to liquid biopsy, particularly in high-volume healthcare institutions. While liquid biopsy provides a non-invasive means of molecular profiling, it remains cost-intensive and requires frequent testing, making it more suitable for post-treatment surveillance and high-risk patient monitoring. : The future of CRC diagnostics lies in a hybrid model, leveraging AI-assisted endoscopic precision with molecular insights from liquid biopsy. This integration is expected to revolutionize early detection, risk stratification, and personalized treatment approaches, ultimately improving patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.
结直肠癌（CRC）仍然是一项重大的全球卫生负担，这就需要在诊断方法上不断取得进展。包括钡灌肠和粪便潜血试验在内的传统筛查技术已逐渐被更精确的方法所取代，如结肠镜检查、液体活检和人工智能（AI）辅助成像。：本综述探讨了结直肠癌诊断工具的演变，从传统成像方法到前沿的人工智能驱动方法，强调了它们的临床实用性、成本效益以及在多学科医疗环境中的整合。：使用PubMed、Medline和Scopus数据库进行了全面的文献检索，选择评估各种结直肠癌诊断工具的研究，包括内镜进展、液体活检应用和人工智能辅助成像技术。关键纳入标准包括关于诊断准确性、敏感性、特异性、临床结果和经济可行性的研究。：人工智能辅助结肠镜检查已显示出更高的腺瘤检出率（ADR），降低了观察者间的变异性，并增强了实时病变分类，为液体活检提供了一种具有成本效益的替代方法，特别是在大容量医疗机构中。虽然液体活检提供了一种非侵入性的分子谱分析方法，但它仍然成本高昂，需要频繁检测，使其更适合于治疗后监测和高危患者监测。：结直肠癌诊断的未来在于一种混合模式，利用人工智能辅助的内镜精准性和液体活检的分子见解。这种整合有望彻底改变早期检测、风险分层和个性化治疗方法，最终改善患者预后和医疗效率。
