针对老年人身体健康和生活质量的多重健康促进项目：准实验研究
Multihealth Promotion Programs on Physical Health and Quality of Life in Older Adults: Quasi-Experimental Study.
作者信息
Lee Li-Yun, Tung Heng-Hsin, Liao George, Liu Su-Ju, Chen Zi-Yu, Yang Yea-Ru
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Dayeh University, Changhua, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
出版信息
Interact J Med Res. 2025 May 1;14:e65213. doi: 10.2196/65213.
BACKGROUND
Physical activity and appropriate nutrition are essential for older adults. Improving physical health and quality of life can lead to healthy aging.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate the long-term effects of multihealth promotion programs on the physical and mental health of older adults in communities.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental method was used to recruit 112 older adults voluntarily from a pharmacy in central Taiwan between April 2021 and February 2023. Participants were divided into an experimental group receiving a multihealth promotion program and a control group with no specific intervention. The study measured frailty, nutritional status, well-being, and quality of life using standardized tools such as the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), Well-being Scale for Elders, and the EQ-5D-3L. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t tests, Pearson correlation, and generalized estimating equations.
RESULTS
A total of 112 participants were recruited. There were 64 (57.1%) in the experimental group and 48 (42.9%) in the control group. The experimental group exhibited significantly better quality of life (EQ-5D index) at weeks 12 (β=-.59; P=.01) and 24 (β=-.44; P=.04) compared to the control group. The experimental group muscle mass significantly increased at weeks 24 (β=4.29; P<.01) and 36 (β=3.03; P=.01). Upper limb strength improved significantly at weeks 12 (β=3.4; P=.04) and 36 (β=5; P=.01), while core strength showed significant gains at weeks 12 (β=4.43; P=.01) and 36 (β=6.99; P<.01). Lower limb strength increased significantly only at week 12 (β=4.15; P=.01). Overall physical performance improved significantly at weeks 12 (β=5.47; P<.01), 24 (β=5.17; P<.01), and 36 (β=8.79; P<.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The study's findings highlight the practical benefits of interventions, including physical and social activities and nutritional support, in enhancing the quality of life and general physical health of older adults. This study's findings have significant implications for clinical practice. These findings can aid in the establishment of effective interventions for older adults.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05412251; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05412251.
背景
身体活动和适当营养对老年人至关重要。改善身体健康和生活质量有助于实现健康老龄化。
目的
本研究旨在调查多健康促进项目对社区老年人身心健康的长期影响。
方法
采用准实验方法，于2021年4月至2023年2月从台湾中部一家药房自愿招募112名老年人。参与者被分为接受多健康促进项目的实验组和无特定干预的对照组。该研究使用标准化工具，如临床衰弱量表（CFS）、简易营养评估简表（MNA-SF）、老年人幸福感量表和EQ-5D-3L，来测量衰弱、营养状况、幸福感和生活质量。数据采用描述性统计、独立t检验、Pearson相关性分析和广义估计方程进行分析。
结果
共招募了112名参与者。实验组有64名（57.1%），对照组有48名（42.9%）。与对照组相比，实验组在第12周（β = -0.59；P = 0.01）和第24周（β = -0.44；P = 0.04）的生活质量（EQ-5D指数）显著更好。实验组肌肉量在第24周（β = 4.29；P < 0.01）和第36周（β = 3.03；P = 0.01）显著增加。上肢力量在第12周（β = 3.4；P = 0.04）和第36周（β = 5；P = 0.01）显著改善，而核心力量在第12周（β = 4.43；P = 0.01）和第36周（β = 6.99；P < 0.01）显著增强。下肢力量仅在第12周显著增加（β = 4.15；P = 0.01）。总体身体机能在第12周（β = 5.47；P < 0.01）、第24周（β = 5.17；P < 0.01）和第36周（β = 8.79；P < 0.01）显著改善。
结论
该研究结果突出了包括身体和社交活动以及营养支持在内的干预措施在提高老年人生活质量和总体身体健康方面的实际益处。该研究结果对临床实践具有重要意义。这些发现有助于为老年人建立有效的干预措施。
试验注册
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05412251；https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05412251 。
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