Oliver J M, Simmons M E
J Clin Psychol. 1985 Jul;41(4):469-77. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<469::aid-jclp2270410405>3.0.co;2-r.
Rates, demographic correlates, and differential symptomatic expression as a function of gender of affective disorders and depression as measured by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were examined in 298 paid adult volunteers selected by the random digit dialing method. According to the DIS, 7.7% were diagnosed as current affective disorder, 6% as current primary unipolar depression, 23.5% as lifetime affective disorder, and 19.5% as lifetime primary unipolar depression. According to the BDI, 19.8% scored depressed: 10.7% as mildly, 5.0% moderately, and 4.0% severely depressed, respectively. Of 11 demographic variables whose relation to DIS diagnoses were examined in a multivariate context, only occupation was correlated significantly with current primary unipolar depression. Of the same variables whose relation to BDI score was examined, education and race were correlated significantly with BDI score. There was no evidence of differential symptomatic expression as a function of gender as measured by lifetime diagnosis of primary unipolar depression on the DIS.
通过随机数字拨号法选取了298名付费成年志愿者，研究了根据诊断访谈表（DIS）和贝克抑郁量表（BDI）测量的情感障碍和抑郁症的发病率、人口统计学相关因素以及作为性别函数的症状差异表达。根据DIS，7.7%被诊断为当前情感障碍，6%为当前原发性单相抑郁症，23.5%为终生情感障碍，19.5%为终生原发性单相抑郁症。根据BDI，19.8%的人得分显示抑郁：分别为轻度抑郁10.7%，中度抑郁5.0%，重度抑郁4.0%。在多变量背景下研究了与DIS诊断相关的11个人口统计学变量，其中只有职业与当前原发性单相抑郁症显著相关。在研究了与BDI得分相关的相同变量中，教育程度和种族与BDI得分显著相关。根据DIS对原发性单相抑郁症的终生诊断，没有证据表明症状差异表达是性别函数。
