优质颗粒饲料水平对肉牛自愿采食量、养分消化率和瘤胃发酵的影响。
Effect of high-quality pellet feed level on voluntary feed intake, nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation in beef cattle.
作者信息
Norrapoke Thitima, Pongjongmit Tanitpan
机构信息
Department of Animal Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Meang Kalasin, 46000, Kalasin Province, Thailand.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2025 May 2;15(1):15343. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-96455-z.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-quality pellet feed on voluntary feed intake, nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation in beef cattle. Four beef cattle aged approximately 2-3 years were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to compare the replacement of pelleted diets in concentrated diets at 4 levels: 0% of diets (T1), 20% of diets (T2), 40% of diets (T3) and 60% of diets (T4). The results of this study revealed that body weight change rate/day total edible amount, or the amount of feed that can be eaten out of concentrated feed, was not significantly different (P > 0.05) among the beef cattle fed all 4 treatments. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, NDF and ADF was highest in pelleted-fed beef cattle, at 60%. However, the combination of a pelleted diet and a concentrated diet resulted in a statistically significant reduction in protozoa populations when the pelleted diet level was increased. The level of pelleted feed had no effect on the pH or rumen temperature of the beef cattle. With respect to ammonia nitrogen, the propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid levels increased when the beef cattle were fed more pelleted feed. especially at 60%, but the acetic acid and methane production decreased when the beef cattle were fed higher levels of pelleted feed. Purine derivative release was not significantly different. In addition to purine derivative absorption and microbial nitrogen supply, the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis was greater when beef cattle were fed high-quality pelleted feed than when they were not fed high-quality pelleted feed. The present study concluded that pellet feeding in conjunction with concentrated feed at 60% resulted in decreased methane production, protozoa population and nutrient digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, total volatile fatty acids and propionic acid.
本研究的目的是评估优质颗粒饲料对肉牛自愿采食量、养分消化率和瘤胃发酵的影响。根据4×4拉丁方设计，随机分配4头年龄约2 - 3岁的肉牛，以比较在精料日粮中4个水平的颗粒饲料替代情况：日粮的0%（T1）、20%（T2）、40%（T3）和60%（T4）。本研究结果表明，在所有4种处理的肉牛中，体重变化率/日总采食量，即从精料中可采食的饲料量，差异不显著（P＞0.05）。颗粒饲料喂养的肉牛干物质、有机物、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的消化率最高，为60%。然而，当颗粒饲料水平增加时，颗粒饲料和精料日粮的组合导致原生动物数量在统计学上显著减少。颗粒饲料水平对肉牛的pH值或瘤胃温度没有影响。关于氨氮，当肉牛采食更多颗粒饲料时，丙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸水平升高，尤其是在60%时，但当肉牛采食更高水平的颗粒饲料时，乙酸和甲烷产量下降。嘌呤衍生物释放差异不显著。除嘌呤衍生物吸收和微生物氮供应外，肉牛采食优质颗粒饲料时微生物蛋白质合成效率高于未采食优质颗粒饲料时。本研究得出结论，60%的颗粒饲料与精料配合饲喂可降低甲烷产量、原生动物数量以及养分消化率、微生物蛋白质合成、总挥发性脂肪酸和丙酸。
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