Kohler Esther, Grundler Verena, Häussinger Daniel, Kurmayer Rainer, Gademann Karl, Pernthaler Jakob, Blom Judith F
Limnological Station, Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, Seestrasse 187, CH-8802 Kilchberg, Switzerland.
University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Harmful Algae. 2014 Oct;39:154-160. doi: 10.1016/j.hal.2014.07.003.
The toxicity of six different strains was examined in acute toxicity assays with the crustacean . The presence of toxicity in two strains could be explained by the occurrence of microcystins. The other four strains were not able to produce microcystins due to different mutations in the microcystin synthetase () gene cluster. In these strains, toxicity was attributed to the presence of chlorine and sulfate containing compounds. The main representative, called aeruginosin 828A, of such a compound in the strain 91/1 was isolated, and structure elucidation by 2D-NMR and MS methods revealed the presence of phenyllactic acid (), chloroleucine (), 2-carboxy-6-(4'-sulfo-xylosyl)-octahydroindole (), and 3-aminoethyl-1--amidino-Δ-3-pyrroline () residues. Aeruginosin 828A was found to be toxic for with a LC value of 22.4 µM, which is only slightly higher than the toxicity found for microcystins. Additionally, very potent inhibition values for thrombin (IC = 21.8 nM) and for trypsin (IC = 112 nM) have been determined for aeruginosin 828A. These data support the hypothesis that aeruginosins containing chlorine and sulfate groups, which were found in microcystin-deficient strains, can be considered as another class of toxins.
在针对甲壳类动物的急性毒性试验中检测了六种不同菌株的毒性。两种菌株中存在毒性可归因于微囊藻毒素的产生。其他四种菌株由于微囊藻毒素合成酶（）基因簇中的不同突变而无法产生微囊藻毒素。在这些菌株中，毒性归因于含氯和含硫酸盐化合物的存在。从91/1菌株中分离出了此类化合物的主要代表物，称为铜绿假单胞菌素828A，通过二维核磁共振和质谱方法进行的结构解析表明存在苯乳酸（）、氯亮氨酸（）、2-羧基-6-（4'-磺基-木糖基）-八氢吲哚（）和3-氨基乙基-1--脒基-Δ-3-吡咯啉（）残基。发现铜绿假单胞菌素828A对的毒性LC值为22.4 µM，仅略高于微囊藻毒素的毒性。此外，还测定了铜绿假单胞菌素828A对凝血酶（IC = 21.8 nM）和胰蛋白酶（IC = 112 nM）的非常强的抑制值。这些数据支持了以下假设：在缺乏微囊藻毒素的菌株中发现的含氯和硫酸盐基团的铜绿假单胞菌素可被视为另一类毒素。
