Lou Can, Cai Xiaohong
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Blood Transfusion, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Ann Med. 2025 Dec;57(1):2499029. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2499029. Epub 2025 May 3.
Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs) are nanoscale, membrane-bound vesicles released by platelets during activation or apoptosis. They contain various bioactive and non-bioactive molecules and play significant roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes through intercellular communication, thus attracting growing attention in biomedical research.
This review comprehensively overviews the biogenesis, clearance, and molecular characteristics of pEVs. It also covers current methodologies for their isolation and characterization. The therapeutic implications of pEVs in key clinical settings like tissue regeneration, hemostasis, immune modulation, and vascular repair, with a focus on cancer progression, wound healing, and hemorrhagic shock management, are explored. Their role in cellular signal transduction is examined, and their functional properties are compared with other platelet-derived products such as platelet-rich plasma.
pEVs show potential as both therapeutic agents and diagnostic biomarkers. They are involved in modulating inflammatory responses, promoting angiogenesis, and enhancing cellular repair mechanisms.
Future research should concentrate on optimizing their therapeutic efficacy, refining biomarker applications, and exploring targeted delivery strategies to fully utilize their potential in regenerative medicine, oncology, and hemostasis management.
血小板衍生的细胞外囊泡（pEVs）是血小板在激活或凋亡过程中释放的纳米级膜结合囊泡。它们含有各种生物活性和非生物活性分子，并通过细胞间通讯在众多生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用，因此在生物医学研究中受到越来越多的关注。
本综述全面概述了pEVs的生物发生、清除和分子特征。它还涵盖了目前用于其分离和表征的方法。探讨了pEVs在组织再生、止血、免疫调节和血管修复等关键临床环境中的治疗意义，重点关注癌症进展、伤口愈合和失血性休克管理。研究了它们在细胞信号转导中的作用，并将其功能特性与其他血小板衍生产品（如富血小板血浆）进行了比较。
pEVs显示出作为治疗剂和诊断生物标志物的潜力。它们参与调节炎症反应、促进血管生成和增强细胞修复机制。
未来的研究应集中在优化其治疗效果、完善生物标志物应用以及探索靶向递送策略，以充分利用它们在再生医学、肿瘤学和止血管理中的潜力。
