Yu Feng, Shen Yawei, Peng Wenzhu, Chen Nan, Gan Yang, Xiao Qizhen, Liu Junyu, Lu Yisha, Lin Weihong, Han Zhaofang, Luo Xuan, You Weiwei, Ke Caihuan
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Marine Organisms, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 10;872:162060. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162060. Epub 2023 Feb 6.
Global warming threatens aquatic systems and organisms. Many studies have focused on the vulnerability and stress responses of aquaculture organisms to future thermal conditions. However, it may be of more practical significance to reveal their acclimation potential and mechanisms. In this study, the physiological, metabolic, and transcriptional responses to long-term temperature acclimation of northern and southern populations of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai, a commercially important gastropod sensitive to environmental changes, were compared. This study conducted two common-garden experiments, including a thermostatic experiment in the lab and an aquaculture experiment on the farm. The abalone population cultured in warmer southern waters was tolerant of ongoing high temperatures, whereas the abalone population originally cultured in cooler northern waters exhibited vulnerability to high temperatures but could enhance its thermal tolerance through the process of natural selection in warmer southern waters. This difference was linked to divergence in the metabolic and transcriptional processes of the two populations. The tolerant population exhibited a greater capacity for carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism regulation and energy redistribution to cope with heat stress. This capacity may have been selected for, and accumulated, over many generations because the tolerant population originated from the intolerant population over two decades ago. This work provides insight into the vulnerability and acclimation potential of abalone to heat stress and discloses the molecular and metabolic traits underlying this phenomenon. Future research on the ability of abalone and other commercial shellfish species to acclimate to global warming should take this potential into account.
全球变暖威胁着水生系统和生物。许多研究聚焦于水产养殖生物对未来热环境的脆弱性和应激反应。然而，揭示它们的适应潜力和机制可能具有更实际的意义。在本研究中，比较了对环境变化敏感的重要商业腹足类动物——皱纹盘鲍南北种群对长期温度适应的生理、代谢和转录反应。本研究进行了两个共同培养实验，包括实验室恒温实验和养殖场养殖实验。养殖在较温暖南方水域的鲍鱼种群能耐受持续的高温，而原本养殖在较凉爽北方水域的鲍鱼种群对高温较为脆弱，但通过在较温暖南方水域的自然选择过程可提高其耐热性。这种差异与两个种群代谢和转录过程的差异有关。耐受种群在碳水化合物和氨基酸代谢调节以及能量重新分配以应对热应激方面表现出更强的能力。由于耐受种群在二十多年前源自不耐受种群，这种能力可能经过多代选择和积累。这项工作深入了解了鲍鱼对热应激的脆弱性和适应潜力，并揭示了这一现象背后的分子和代谢特征。未来关于鲍鱼和其他商业贝类适应全球变暖能力的研究应考虑到这种潜力。
