Han Hyein, Song Gunju, Kim Jongwon, Jin Heegu, Lee Boo-Yong
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 10;26(8):3554. doi: 10.3390/ijms26083554.
Obesity is characterized by an excessive imbalance in energy metabolism and is associated with metabolic syndrome. Mammals have two types of adipose tissue: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). These are key factors in regulating the energy balance. Strategies aimed at reducing obesity should encompass not only the prevention of lipid accumulation but also the stimulation of browning in both WAT and BAT, with the aim of enhancing energy expenditure. In this study, the mechanism by which Lactobacillus brevis-fermented gamma-aminobutyric acid (LB-GABA) prevents obesity was investigated, as well as whether it induces lipolysis and browning in WAT using 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The expression of proteins involved in signaling pathways regulating lipid accumulation and degradation, as well as browning, was measured using Western blotting analysis. We demonstrated that LB-GABA significantly inhibited lipid accumulation by suppressing adipogenesis and lipogenesis. In addition, the microscopic analysis of WAT demonstrated that LB-GABA reduced the adipocyte size and the number of lipid droplets. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that GABA increased lipolysis and activated the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway, which promotes uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-mediated WAT browning. In conclusion, these results suggest that LB-GABA activates energy expenditure through lipid metabolism regulation and exerts anti-obesity effects.
肥胖的特征是能量代谢过度失衡，并与代谢综合征相关。哺乳动物有两种脂肪组织：白色脂肪组织（WAT）和棕色脂肪组织（BAT）。这些是调节能量平衡的关键因素。旨在减轻肥胖的策略不仅应包括预防脂质积累，还应包括刺激白色脂肪组织和棕色脂肪组织的褐变，以增加能量消耗。在本研究中，研究了短乳杆菌发酵γ-氨基丁酸（LB-GABA）预防肥胖的机制，以及它是否使用3T3-L1脂肪细胞诱导白色脂肪组织中的脂肪分解和褐变。使用蛋白质印迹分析测量参与调节脂质积累、降解以及褐变的信号通路的蛋白质表达。我们证明，LB-GABA通过抑制脂肪生成和脂质生成显著抑制脂质积累。此外，对白色脂肪组织的显微镜分析表明，LB-GABA减小了脂肪细胞大小和脂滴数量。此外，蛋白质印迹分析显示，GABA增加了脂肪分解并激活了蛋白激酶A（PKA）信号通路，该通路促进解偶联蛋白1（UCP1）介导的白色脂肪组织褐变。总之，这些结果表明，LB-GABA通过调节脂质代谢激活能量消耗并发挥抗肥胖作用。
