Hamieh Malak, Tabaja Nabil, Chawraba Khaled, Hamie Zeinab, Hammoud Mohammad, Tlais Sami, Hamieh Tayssir, Toufaily Joumana
Laboratory of Applied Studies for Sustainable Development and Renewable Energy (LEADDER), Doctoral School for Science and Technology (EDST), Lebanese University, Hadath P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon.
Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis, Environment and Analytical Methods (MCEMA), Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Hadath P.O. Box 6573/14, Lebanon.
Molecules. 2025 Apr 15;30(8):1770. doi: 10.3390/molecules30081770.
Ensuring effective water purification is essential for addressing freshwater scarcity and achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). An efficient hybrid mixture, composed of FeCr quantum dots doped into mesoporous silica SBA-15 support and activated carbon (AC) derived from olive mill solid wastes, has been developed for treating high optical density polluted aqueous environments. This hybrid, denoted as FeCr-SBA-15/AC, was examined for its efficacy in the adsorption and photo-Fenton degradation of met orange dye (MO), a model high-optical-density pollutant, under visible light exposure. Characterization of the prepared samples was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Key parameters investigated included catalyst dosage, dye concentration, solution pH, and HO concentration. Remarkably, the FeCr-SBA-15/AC hybrid exhibited superior photocatalytic activity, achieving a degradation efficiency of 97% for MO under optimized conditions (catalyst dosage = 0.75 g L, dye concentration = 20 mg L, pH = 5.47, and 0.5 mL HO) after 180 min of irradiation with visible light. This performance surpassed that of FeCr-SBA-15 alone by 20%, due to the synergistic effects of adsorption and photo-Fenton. The adsorption of MO onto AC followed the Freundlich model equilibrium isotherm, while the experimental data for the hybrid mixture aligned well with the pseudo-first-order Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetic model with a rate constant of 0.0173 min. The leaching of Cr in the solution was very low-0.1 ppm-which is below the detection limit. These findings underscore the potential of the synthesized FeCr-SBA-15/AC hybrid as a cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and highly efficient photo-Fenton catalyst for treating wastewater contaminated by industrial effluents.
确保有效的水净化对于解决淡水短缺问题和实现联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）至关重要。一种由掺杂到介孔二氧化硅SBA - 15载体中的FeCr量子点和源自橄榄厂固体废物的活性炭（AC）组成的高效混合混合物已被开发用于处理高光密度污染的水环境。这种混合材料，记为FeCr - SBA - 15/AC，在可见光照射下，对作为典型高光密度污染物的甲基橙染料（MO）的吸附和光芬顿降解效果进行了研究。使用X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT - IR）、布鲁诺尔 - 埃米特 - 泰勒（BET）表面积分析、漫反射光谱（DRS）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）对制备的样品进行了表征。研究的关键参数包括催化剂用量、染料浓度、溶液pH值和羟基自由基（·OH）浓度。值得注意的是，FeCr - SBA - 15/AC混合材料表现出优异的光催化活性，在可见光照射180分钟后，在优化条件下（催化剂用量 = 0.75 g/L，染料浓度 = 20 mg/L，pH = 5.47，以及0.5 mL H₂O₂）对MO的降解效率达到97%。由于吸附和光芬顿的协同作用，该性能比单独的FeCr - SBA - 15高出20%。MO在AC上的吸附遵循弗伦德利希模型平衡等温线，而混合混合物的实验数据与伪一级朗缪尔 - 欣谢尔伍德动力学模型吻合良好，速率常数为0.0173 min⁻¹。溶液中Cr的浸出非常低，为0.1 ppm，低于检测限。这些发现强调了合成的FeCr - SBA - 15/AC混合材料作为一种经济高效、环境友好且高效的光芬顿催化剂用于处理受工业废水污染的废水的潜力。
