年轻成年人过早患心血管疾病和全因死亡的风险，与生命早期危险因素的流行率相关。

Risk of premature cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in young adults, association with risk factor prevalence early in life.

作者信息

Zhu Chenrui, Li Liuxin, Zhao Mingchen, Li Jie, Gao Haibo, Li Huiying, Liu Yan, Ji Chunpeng, Huang Zhe

机构信息

Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, 57 Xinhua East Road, Tangshan, 063000, China.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

出版信息

BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2025 May 7;25(1):352. doi: 10.1186/s12872-025-04814-5.

DOI:10.1186/s12872-025-04814-5

PMID:40335893

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12057125/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

With the increase in risk factors and the emergence of unhealthy lifestyles in young adults, we need to pay more attention to the cardiovascular health of this group. This study aimed to assess the association of the degree of joint risk factor control with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in young people.

METHODS

Kailuan Study is a prospective cohort study based on a community population, which began in June 2006, and followed up every two years. A sample of 16,519 eligible participants in the Kailuan cohort was recruited in this current study and 15,948 was included in the final analysis, with an average age of 32.34 ± 5.19 years, and a male proportion of 74.76%. Based on the control status of the risk factors, participants were divided into three groups: well-controlled group (≥ 7 risk factors controlled), moderately controlled group (5-6 risk factors controlled), and poorly controlled group (≤ 4 risk factors controlled). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyse the relationship between the joint control of risk factors and onset of CVD and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS

During a mean follow-up period of 14.78 ± 1.33 years, we identified 285 incident CVD cases and a total of 274 deaths from all causes. Compared to the well-controlled group, the moderately controlled group and poorly controlled group exhibited progressively higher risks of CVD and all-cause mortality. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD in the moderately controlled group and poorly controlled group were 2.24 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.66-3.02) and 3.09 (95% CI: 2.04-4.68), respectively. The adjusted HRs for all-cause mortality in these two groups were 1.53 (1.15-2.04) and 2.65 (1.79-3.92), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

We observed an inverse relationship between the degree of risk factor control and the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in young adults, emphasizing the importance of actively controlling more risk factors in early life.

摘要

背景

随着年轻人风险因素的增加以及不健康生活方式的出现，我们需要更加关注这一群体的心血管健康。本研究旨在评估联合风险因素控制程度与年轻人过早发生心血管疾病（CVD）及全因死亡率之间的关联。

方法

开滦研究是一项基于社区人群的前瞻性队列研究，始于2006年6月，每两年进行一次随访。本研究招募了开滦队列中16519名符合条件的参与者，最终纳入分析15948人，平均年龄为32.34±5.19岁，男性比例为74.76%。根据风险因素的控制状况，参与者被分为三组：控制良好组（≥7个风险因素得到控制）、中度控制组（5 - 6个风险因素得到控制）和控制不佳组（≤4个风险因素得到控制）。采用多变量Cox比例风险模型分析风险因素的联合控制与CVD发病及全因死亡率之间的关系。

结果

在平均14.78±1.33年的随访期内，我们确定了285例CVD新发病例和总共274例全因死亡病例。与控制良好组相比，中度控制组和控制不佳组发生CVD及全因死亡的风险逐渐升高。中度控制组和控制不佳组CVD的调整后风险比（HR）分别为2.24（95%置信区间[CI]：1.66 - 3.02）和3.09（95%CI：2.04 - 4.68）。这两组全因死亡率的调整后HR分别为1.53（1.15 - 2.04）和2.65（1.79 - 3.92）。