Guo Liangchuan, Qiao Jinli, Huo Junwei, Rupasinghe H P Vasantha
College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada.
Food Chem X. 2025 Apr 23;27:102491. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102491. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Iridoids, a diverse class of plant food monoterpenoids, are characterized by a cyclopentane-fused pyran ring structure and exhibit extensive structural diversity and functional versatility. This review highlights recent advances in iridoid chemistry, biosynthesis via the methylerythritol phosphate pathway, and advanced extraction techniques such as ultrasound-assisted, microwave-assisted, and supercritical fluid extraction. Analytical methods such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry enable precise identification and quantification, advancing the study of their health-promoting properties. Iridoids demonstrate potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antitumor, antiviral, and hepatoprotective effects suggesting their potential use in functional foods, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. However, for the successful commercialization of iridoid-based products, future research should aim at the cost-effective production of iridoids using sustainable production systems, biotechnological synthesis, and clinical validation. This review reveals the significant promise of iridoids in enhancing human health through potential product innovation and assessment.
环烯醚萜类化合物是一类多样的植物性食物单萜类化合物，其特征在于具有一个与环戊烷稠合的吡喃环结构，并且展现出广泛的结构多样性和功能多样性。本综述重点介绍了环烯醚萜类化合物化学、通过甲基赤藓糖醇磷酸途径进行的生物合成以及超声辅助、微波辅助和超临界流体萃取等先进提取技术方面的最新进展。液相色谱 - 质谱等分析方法能够实现精确的鉴定和定量，推动了对其健康促进特性的研究。环烯醚萜类化合物表现出强大的抗氧化、抗炎、神经保护、抗肿瘤、抗病毒和肝脏保护作用，表明它们在功能性食品、营养保健品、药品和化妆品中的潜在用途。然而，为了使基于环烯醚萜类化合物的产品成功实现商业化，未来的研究应致力于利用可持续生产系统、生物技术合成和临床验证，以具有成本效益的方式生产环烯醚萜类化合物。本综述揭示了环烯醚萜类化合物通过潜在的产品创新和评估在增进人类健康方面的巨大前景。
